Java Edition 1.21.9

1.21.9, the release of The Copper Age, is a game drop for Java Edition released on September 30, 2025.^[1] It adds copper tools and armor, copper golems, various copper blocks and items, shelves, and new options for the debug screen.

Additions

Blocks

Copper bars

• Functions like the existing iron bars, but can be waxed.
• Crafted from copper ingots, and oxidizes over time.
• Sixteen copper bars can be crafted using six copper ingots.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Ingot	16

Copper chain

• Functions like the existing iron chain, but can be waxed.
• Crafted from copper ingots and copper nuggets, and oxidizes over time.
• Copper chains can be crafted using a copper ingot and two copper nuggets.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Nugget + Copper Ingot

Copper chest

• A new type of chest that has waxed and oxidized variants.
• Copper chests oxidize over time and can be waxed like other copper blocks.
• Copper chests can be crafted using a chest and copper ingots.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Ingot + Chest

Copper golem statue

• A decorative block which has waxed and oxidized variants.
• Copper golem statue oxidizes over time and can be waxed like copper blocks.
• The pose of the block can be changed by interacting with it.
• If the copper golem statue has no oxidation when interacted with using an axe, the block will turn into a copper golem again.
• When connected to a redstone comparator, the copper golem statue block emits a redstone signal based on its current pose.
• They always drop as item when mined.
• They pop off as an item when pushed by a piston.

Copper lantern

• Crafted using copper nuggets and one copper torch.
• The lantern itself oxidizes, changing its look as it ages.
• Can be waxed.
• Functionally identical to the lantern.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Nugget + Copper Torch

Copper torch

• A green variant of the torch crafted from a copper nugget, coal or charcoal, and stick.
• Functionally identical to the torch.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Nugget + Coal or  Charcoal + Stick	4

Lightning rod

• Added exposed, weathered, and oxidized variants and their respective waxed variants.

Shelf

• A decorative block which comes in all wood variants.
• Can be crafted from six matching blocks of any stripped log, stripped stem, or block of stripped bamboo, filling the top and bottom row, producing 6 shelves.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Matching Stripped Log or  Block of Stripped Bamboo or  Matching Stripped Stem	666666666666

• The shelf can store up to 3 item stacks:
  • Interacting with any of the 3 slots on its front swaps the player's main hand item with the content of that slot.
  • The shelf displays all items it contains in front of it, similar to an item frame.
• Items in the shelf will render in the middle of the shelf.
• While a shelf is powered by redstone, its front texture changes to reflect that it's powered; when placed next to each other, up to 3 powered shelves will connect.
  • Interacting with a single powered shelf swaps all its contents with the 3 rightmost items in the player's hotbar.
  • Interacting with two connected shelves swaps their contents with the 6 rightmost items in the player's hotbar.
  • Interacting with three connected shelves swaps their contents with all items in the player's hotbar.
  • It does not matter which of the connected shelves the player interacts with.
  • Powered shelves can only connect to other powered shelves facing the exact same direction.
• They provide a signal value to redstone comparators placed at the back: the strength of the signal is a binary number based on the filling state of the slot, with the left slot being the least significant bit and the right slot being the most significant bit.

Items

Copper armor

• Added copper helmets, copper chestplates, copper leggings, and copper boots.
  • Copper armor has higher durability than leather and gold, but less than iron. Copper armor enchantability sits slightly lower than with iron.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Ingot

Copper horse armor

• A new variant of horse armor.
• Has the same loot table and chance of generating as iron horse armor.
• Has an armor value of 4 ().
• Cannot be crafted.

Copper nugget

• Added copper nuggets.
  • Copper equipment turns into copper nuggets when smelted.
• Copper nuggets can be crafted by using a copper ingot.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Ingot	9

Copper tools

• Added copper axes, copper hoes, copper pickaxes, copper shovels, and copper swords.
  • More enchantable than diamond tools, but slightly less than iron tools.
  • Possess identical damage and attack speed to stone tools.
  • Cannot mine any more blocks than stone tools can.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Ingot + Stick

Spawn eggs

• Added copper golem spawn egg.

Mobs

Copper golem

• A new mob which can be spawned by placing a jack o'lantern or carved pumpkin on top of a copper block.
• Has 12HP × 6 health points.
• Drops 1 to 3 copper ingots when killed.
• They are immune to fall damage, and do not drown underwater.
• Copper golems oxidize over time and can be waxed like copper blocks.
  • Lightning bolts clean oxidation off copper golems.
• Copper golems take on the oxidization state of the copper block used to make them.
• If the copper golem has fully oxidized and is not waxed, it will turn into a copper golem statue block.
  • When turned into a copper golem statue, the copper golem will drop any item it may be holding.
  • A copper golem turned into a copper golem statue will keep its name if named with a name tag.
• Copper golems can help with sorting items into chests.
• If it is not holding an item, it will look for a nearby copper chest and pick up items from that chest.
  • The copper golem will look in any oxidized and waxed copper chest variant to pick up items.
  • It can pick up at most 16 items in a stack at a time.
  • Any item in a copper chest can be picked up.
• Interacting with the copper golem with an empty hand will make it drop its carried item.
• If it is holding an item, it will look for nearby wooden chests to try to place the item into.
  • The copper golem will look in chests and trapped chests to try to place items.
  • It can only place an item in a chest if the chest is empty or contains the same type, name and enchantments of item the golem is holding in its hand.
• It will visit a max of 10 copper chests when looking for items to pick up, and a max of 10 chests when looking for somewhere to put the items.
• If no matching chest is found, the copper golem will idle for 7 seconds before trying again.
• The search area for chests from the copper golem's position is horizontally 32 blocks and vertically 8 blocks.
• Decorative flowers can be planted on them by iron golems.
  • These flowers can be removed with shears.
  • Drop upon turning into a statue.
• Copper golems are able to open doors.

Non-mob entities

Mannequin

• Added a new type of technical entity called minecraft:mannequin which can only be spawned with summon commands.
  • A mannequin is a player avatar without a connected player.
  • Mannequins function as living entities, like armor stands.
    • They can hold and wear equipment, have attributes & effects, take damage, etc.
  • Mannequins' description text can be configured.
  • They accept minecraft:profile component from spawner items.
  • Data Fields:
    • profile - Which profile to show on the entity. This is a Player profile (same format as a minecraft:profile component, which has been extended to allow overrides).
      • Defaults to {} (i.e. static profile with both id and name missing).
    • hidden_layers - List of outer skin layers to hide.
      • Valid entries: cape, jacket, left_sleeve, right_sleeve, left_pants_leg, right_pants_leg, hat.
    • main_hand - Which hand is the main hand of the mannequin.
      • One of left and right.
    • pose - The pose of the mannequin.
      • Valid entries: standing, crouching, swimming, fall_flying, sleeping.
    • immovable - Optional boolean specifying that the mannequin cannot be moved (defaults to false).
    • description - Optional text component shown where a player's below_score score would show.
      • The default "NPC" (entity.minecraft.mannequin.label) text is shown if omitted.
    • hide_description - Optional boolean specifying that no description should be shown at all.
      • A mannequin with the description hidden displays as if a player had no below_score display.
  • This entity highly resembles the Mob entity removed long ago in Beta 1.2, as it is has a player skin and has no movement AI.

Command format

/fetchprofile

• New command that fetches the contents of a player profile from Minecraft servers.
• Since the operation might take some time, it works asynchronously.
  • Results will be printed only when operation finishes, but the game will keep running unpaused.
• After successful completion, a message will be printed that lets users copy the contents of a fully resolved minecraft:profile component or /give @s minecraft:player_head with said component.
  • It also prints a clickable text to summon a mannequin with the resolved profile.
• Since the result is not known at the time of execution, this command always returns 1.
• Syntax:
  • /fetchprofile name <player name>: resolves profile by username (case-insensitive).
  • /fetchprofile id <uuid>: resolves profile by UUID.

General

Chat drafts

• Unsent chat messages now get saved as chat drafts if the chat was forcibly closed.
  • This includes it being closed by external sources such as dying or a dialog opening, but not the player intentionally closing their chat.
• Any existing chat draft will get pre-filled into the message box the next time the chat is opened.
• Draft text has a grayed-out appearance until fully restored.
  • Draft text can be restored as regular text by interacting with it:
    • Typing additional text.
    • Moving the text cursor using the arrow keys.
    • Clicking it.
    • Highlighting it.
  • Pressing ↵ Enter on a chat draft prior to it being restored sends it like a normal chat message.
  • Pressing ← Backspace on a chat draft prior to it being restored deletes it.

End flash

• The End dimension now has skylight.
• Normally the skylight does not affect how the dimension looks.
• Every 30 seconds, flashes in the sky happen.
• When they happen, skylight intensity increases flooding the dimension with purple light.
• While the ender dragon fog effect is active, the flash source in the sky is not visible and the brightness of the light affecting the world is reduced.
• Last between 5 and 19 seconds.

Game rules

• Added allowEnteringNetherUsingPortals game rule controlling if the Nether can be entered through portals.
  • Defaults to true.
• Added commandBlocksEnabled game rule controlling if command blocks should be enabled or not.
  • Defaults to true.
• Added pvp game rule controlling whether players can deal damage to other players.
  • Defaults to true.
• Added spawnMonsters game rule controlling if monsters should spawn naturally.
  • Defaults to true.
• Added spawnerBlocksEnabled game rule controlling if spawner blocks should be enabled or not.
  • Default to true.

Languages

• Added Halychian language support.

Minecraft Server Management Protocol

• Added a server management API (JSON-RPC over WebSocket) for dedicated servers.
  • The API is disabled by default and can be enabled in the server properties file.
    • management-server-enabled=true
    • management-server-host=localhost
    • management-server-port=25585
  • The API is accessible at ws://<management-server-host>:<management-server-port> when enabled.
  • Supports querying and updating of server state (players, allowlist, operators, settings, game rules).
  • Sends notifications on state changes (e.g. player joins, game rule updates).
  • Calling {"id":1,"method":"rpc.discover"} returns an API schema containing supported methods and notifications of the currently running server.
  • The Data Generator produces an API schema (json-rpc-api-schema.json) in the reports output folder mirroring the contents returned by the rpc.discover method.
  • The API adheres to the JSON-RPC 2.0 specification.
  • Uses namespaced methods and the reserved namespaces are minecraft (e.g. minecraft:players, minecraft:allowlist/add) and notification (e.g. notification/players/joined).
    • Extensible via custom namespaces for additional methods and events.
  • Core method groups: players, allowlist, operators, server (save, stop), server settings, game rules.
  • Example method call:
    • Request: {"method":"minecraft:allowlist/add","id":1,"params":[[{"name":"jeb_"}]]}
    • Response: {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":[{"id":"853c80ef-3c37-49fd-aa49-938b674adae6","name":"jeb_"}]}
  • Example notification:
    • {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"notification/players/joined","params":[{"id":"853c80ef-3c37-49fd-aa49-938b674adae6","name":"jeb_"}]}
  • Example error:
    • Request: {"method": "minecraft:foo/bar","id": 1}
    • Response: {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"error":{"code":-32601,"message":"Method not found","data":"Method not found: minecraft:foo/bar"}}}
    • Errors and error codes follow JSON-RPC 2.0 error object format.
• Clients must authenticate to access the API.
  • Clients should supply an Authorization bearer token header with a server specific secret.
  • The secret is configured in the server properties file:
    • management-server-secret=
    • The secret should be exactly 40 alphanumeric characters (A-Z, a-z, 0-9).
    • The secret will be automatically generated if the server property is empty.
    • Unauthorized requests are rejected with 401 Unauthorized.
• TLS is enabled by default.
  • Can be disabled in the server properties file:
    • management-server-tls-enabled=false
  • Requires a keystore file to be set in the server properties file.
    • management-server-tls-keystore=path/to/keystore.p12
  • The keystore file must be in PKCS12 format.
  • Keystore password can be set in the following ways, in order of priority.0
    • Environment variable: MINECRAFT_MANAGEMENT_TLS_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD
    • JVM argument: -Dmanagement.tls.keystore.password=
    • Server property: management-server-tls-keystore-password=

Options

• Added "Invert Mouse X" option to the Mouse Settings screen, which inverts the mouse x-axis.
• Added "Sprint Window" option to the Controls screen, which represents the time window in ticks where double-tapping the forward key activates sprint.
• Added an option to the Chat Settings menu that enables saving unsent chat messages by default.
  • With this option enabled, unsent messages will always get saved as chat drafts, even if the player intentionally closed their chat.
• Added "Allow Cursor Changes" option in "Mouse Settings" menu.

Particles

• Added copper_fire_flame.

Server Code of Conduct

• When connecting to a server, a Code of Conduct screen can now be shown.
  • Accepting the Code of Conduct is required to play on the server.
  • A checkbox is available for not showing the same Code of Conduct in the future.
    • If the Code of Conduct changes, it will be shown again.

Tags

• Block Tags
  • Added #bars
    • Contains all bar blocks.
  • Added #chains
    • Contains all chain blocks.
  • Added #copper
    • Contains all copper blocks.
  • Added #copper_chests
    • Contains all copper chest blocks.
  • Added #copper_golem_statues
    • Contains all copper golem statue blocks.
  • Added #incorrect_for_copper_tool
    • Contains all blocks which will not drop items with a copper tool.
  • Added #lanterns
    • Contains all lantern blocks.
  • Added #lightning_rods
    • Contains all lightning rods.
  • Added #wooden_shelves
    • Contains all shelves.
• Entity Type Tags
  • Added #accepts_iron_golem_gift entity type tag.
    • Contains all mob types an iron golem can place a poppy on the head of.
  • Added #candidate_for_iron_golem_gift entity type tag.
    • Contains all entity types an iron golem may offer a poppy.
  • Added #cannot_be_pushed_onto_boats entity type tag.
    • Contains entity types that do not automatically enter boats.
• Item Tags
  • Added #bars
    • Contains all bar block items.
  • Added #chains
    • Contains all chain block items.
  • Added #copper
    • Contains all copper block items.
  • Added #copper_chests
    • Contains all copper chest block items.
  • Added #copper_golem_statues
    • Contains all copper golem statue items.
  • Added #copper_tool_materials
    • Contains all copper tool materials.
  • Added #lanterns
    • Contains all lantern block items.
  • Added #lightning_rods
    • Contains all lightning rods.
  • Added #repairs_copper_armor
    • Contains all items which repair copper armor.
  • Added #shearable_from_copper_golem
    • Contains all items that can be removed from the copper golem's head slot via shears.
  • Added #wooden_shelves
    • Contains all shelves.

Text component format

• object
  • New text component with type object has been added.
  • This component will display a single sprite from sprite atlas as a character.
  • Sprites are always rendered as a rectangle, 8x8 pixels in size.
  • Format:
    • atlas - namespaced ID of a sprite atlas, default value: minecraft:blocks
    • sprite - namespaced ID of a sprite in atlas, for example item/porkchop
  • General note about atlas contents:
    • Sprite Atlases contain textures for items, blocks, mob effects, GUI elements, etc.
    • Contents are controlled by files in assets/minecraft/atlases/ directory in a resource pack.
    • Current contents can be reviewed with the F3 + S key combination.

Textures

• Added environment/end_flash.png

Changes

Blocks

Copper trapdoor

• The crafting recipe now uses 4 copper ingots, instead of 6.
• The old recipe is now used by copper bars.
• The crafting recipe now produces 1 copper trapdoor instead of 2.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Copper Ingot

Heads

• Mob heads now preserve any custom name when they are placed and then mined again.

Iron chain

• Renamed from "Chain".

Lightning rod

• Now oxidize like other copper blocks and the lightning rod on the copper golem.
• Can now be waxed.

Test instance block

• Test instance blocks now preserve error markers between world reloads.

Items

Dyes

• Dye colors now have updated icons.
  • The goal with these is to enhance visual cohesion across the dye set while maintaining distinct shapes to support colorblind accessibility.

Spawn eggs

• Monster spawn eggs now have a tooltip warning when the difficulty is set to Peaceful.
  • The mob no longer spawns for one tick when an attempt is made to use the spawn egg.

Mobs

General

• Logic for choosing type of equipment for geared mobs has been tweaked to add copper as a possibility.
  • The initial roll to choose a type now chooses between leather, copper and gold.
  • The chance to increase an armor tier has increased from 9.5% to 10.87%.

Happy ghast

• Is now audible from 64 blocks.
• Riding sound volume is slightly increased.

Iron golem

• Now sometimes plant a decorative flower onto a nearby copper golem.

Command format

General

• Server commands now run from the respawn dimension by default instead of always the Overworld.

/setworldspawn

• Is no longer limited to the Overworld.
  • This means players can respawn e.g. in the Nether when they have no bed or respawn anchor.
• It now also takes in an optional pitch argument.

/spawnpoint

• Now optionally takes in a pitch argument.

/summon

• Now fails when trying to summon monsters while the difficulty is set to Peaceful.

Gameplay

Sounds

• Sounds for chests now play at a lower volume.
• The volume at which a sound is played at now respects the sound source volume value.
• The "Voice/Speech" sound source has been renamed to "Narrator/Voice".
• Added new sound events: block.copper_chest.open, block.copper_chest.close, block.copper_chest_weathered.open, block.copper_chest_weathered.close, block.copper_chest_oxidized.open, block.copper_chest_oxidized.close, entity.copper_golem.step, entity.copper_golem.hurt, entity.copper_golem.death, entity.copper_golem.spin, entity.copper_golem_weathered.step, entity.copper_golem_weathered.hurt, entity.copper_golem_weathered.death, entity.copper_golem_weathered.spin, entity.copper_golem_oxidized.step, entity.copper_golem_oxidized.hurt, entity.copper_golem_oxidized.death, entity.copper_golem_oxidized.spin, item.armor.equip_copper, entity.copper_golem.spawn, entity.copper_golem.no_item_get, entity.copper_golem.no_item_not_get, entity.copper_golem.item_drop, entity.copper_golem.item_no_drop, entity.copper_golem_become_statue, block.copper_golem_statue.break, block.copper_golem_statue.place, block.copper_golem_statue.hit, block.copper_golem_statue.fall, block.copper_golem_statue.step, block.shelf.activate, block.shelf.deactivate, block.shelf.multi_swap, block.shelf.place_item, block.shelf.single_swap, weather.end_flash.

General

Attribute

• run_command click event
  • Previously, if the command field contained a command that required a signed message (/say, /me, /msg, /tell, /w, /teammsg, /tm), it would be silently discarded.
    • Instead, a screen will be shown that lets the user insert the command into the chat window or copy the command to their clipboard if the chat window can't be opened.

Block entity data

• minecraft:skull
  • The profile field has been changed to match minecraft:profile component.
    • That means that it also becomes immutable and is resolved only when necessary.

Chat

• It is now possible to start chatting while standing inside a Nether portal.
• The chat will now remain open and unchanged if the player was chatting before being transferred to another dimension.

Chunks

• The concept of fixed "spawn chunks" has been removed.
• A dimension that has any player activity, forceloaded chunks, active portals, or ender pearls in flight will be considered "active" and will keep processing chunks and entities.
  • Previously, this would only apply if a player was in the dimension or a chunk was forceloaded.
• The game will ensure that the following chunks are fully loaded before the player joins or the server starts, in the same way as spawn chunks formerly were:
  • Chunks loaded by the /forceload command.
  • Chunks active due to portal activity.
  • Thrown ender pearls (Singleplayer only).
  • The small area of chunks around the player (Singleplayer only).
  • Chunks required to assign the global world spawn (World creation only).

Data component format

• blocks_attacks item component.
  • If the damage reduced in an attack is 0, for example by angle threshold not matching, the item can no longer get disabled in the attack, nor cause knockback due to blocking.

• minecraft:profile
  • Player profiles in data components and block entities no longer resolve automatically.
  • Previously contents of this component would permanently change when profile was resolved, i.e. downloaded from Minecraft service.
  • To avoid issues with this unexpected change, the resolved value is no longer stored and contents of the profile will always remain unchanged.
  • This component has now two behaviours:
    • Static: when it has properties field or when both name and id are present or when both are missing.
      • In this state, profile will always render as-is.
      • If properties field is missing, a default skin will be used (selected based on id, same as in offline mode).
      • That means skin will be frozen at the moment of component creation.
      • This option is preferred for decorational uses.
    • Dynamic: when it has either name or id (but not both).
      • When an item containing this profile is rendered on the client side, the profile will be resolved to most recent value.
      • This means that this item will always render with current skin of targeted player.
        • If a player changes skin while game is running, change will not be visible unless clients restart.
      • Resolution might happen with a delay, during which item will render with a default skin.
      • Profile name will replace item name only when it's present.
        • Items with just id will show default name.
      • Items will dynamic profiles be distinguished from static ones with label in tooltip.
  • Items stack based on exact contents, so even if a dynamic component is eventually resolved to the same profile as a static one, they won't stack together.
  • Player heads in older maps that have not been loaded in never versions yet will usually be converted to dynamic contents.
  • Profiles can now also have additional fields that can replace various values used for rendering.
  • If any of the fields are omitted, the value from the resolved profile is used, even if the profile resolved to the default skin.
  • New fields:
    • texture - Optional namespaced ID of the skin texture to use for rendering.
      • The skin is specified relative to the textures folder and with a .png suffix.
      • e.g. entity/player/wide/steve will use the default wide Steve skin.
    • cape - Optional namespaced ID of the cape texture to use for rendering.
      • When specified, uses the same format as the texture field.
    • elytra - Optional namespaced ID of the elytra texture to use for rendering.
      • When specified, uses the same format as the texture field.
      • If this value is not present either as override or in player profile, mannequins using this profile will use the cape texture, or if that is also not present, the default elytra texture when wearing elytra.
    • model - Optional model type, one of wide and slim.

Data pack

• The pack format version is now 88.0.
• Renamed chain to iron_chain.

Debug features

• Some debug features that were previously removed during compilation are now preserved and can be used by players.
• Individual values can be enabled with JVM properties:
  • First, a global debug flag must be enabled with -DMC_DEBUG_ENABLED or -DMC_DEBUG_ENABLED=true.
  • Then, a specific feature can be enabled, for example -DMC_DEBUG_BRAIN or -DMC_DEBUG_BRAIN=true.
  • To get the list of all available debug properties, add -DMC_DEBUG_PRINT_PROPERTIES.
• Warning: this is debug code. It must be handled with extreme care.
  • This is an advanced feature, meant to help modders - it should not be used for normal play.
  • Features not guaranteed to work as intended.
  • It might crash the player's game or corrupt their worlds.
  • Individual options might be added, changed or removed without a notice.

Debug screen

• Was reworked to be less cluttered and more configurable.
• It can now be accessed from everywhere in the game, not only when in a game world.
  • It now displays less information by default.
• Added a new Debug Options screen which can be opened by pressing F3 + F6.
  • It can be used to configure which debug information should be displayed.
  • For each item the player can choose if it should be turned off, visible when the debug screen (F3) is open, or it should always be visible, even when the debug screen is closed.
  • Some debug features that were previously available, like chunk border rendering or entity hitbox rendering, can now be toggled through this debug options screen.
  • Some debug features that were not previously available to the community, like Octree visualization, are now accessible through the debug options screen.
  • The state of the debug options screen is saved between the launches of the game.
  • The debug options screen has the following preset profiles:
    • Default resets everything to the default state.
    • Performance shows simple performance metrics, including the FPS meter always visible on screen.

Density function

• Added minecraft:find_top_surface
  • Approximates the topmost surface of a given density function.
  • It scans from an upper bound to a lower bound to find the point at which the density changes from negative to positive.
    • The upper bound should be as close to the actual surface for best performance.
    • The upper bound should never be lower than the actual surface.
  • Fields:
    • density - density function to approximate the surface of.
    • upper_bound - 2D density function providing the highest possible y-value.
    • lower_bound - integer, lowest possible y-value.
    • cell_height - positive integer defining the grid resolution on which to scan.
• Added minecraft:invert
  • Resolves to 1/argument
  • Fields:
    • argument - density function.

Enchantment definition

• explode entity effects
  • New field: block_particles^{[note 1]}
    • Specifies per-block particles. Each block particle is randomly chosen according to weights. A set limit of block particles is spawned each tick from all explosions that tick.
    • Format: List of entries.
      • weight: Non-negative integer representing the random weight for this entry being chosen
      • particle: The particle to spawn
      • scaling: Optional scaling to apply between explosion center and block position, or 1.0 if not specified
      • speed: Optional scaling to apply to the speed of the particle, or 1.0 if not specified

Entity data

• minecraft:player
  • Changes to the respawn object
    • angle has been renamed to yaw and is now a required field.
    • pitch has been added as a required field.
    • dimension is now a required field.

Game library updates

• Rendering is now using OpenGL 3.3 core profile.

Game rule

• The game rule spawnChunkRadius was removed.

Jigsaw structures

• The max_distance_from_center field may now specify a different restriction on the vertical axis from horizontal.
  • This can be specified by an object with fields:
    • horizontal - required integer between 1 and 128.
    • vertical - optional integer between 1 and 4096 (default: 4096).
      • e.g: "max_distance_from_center": { "horizontal": 20, "vertical": 500 }.
  • The previous format of a single inline value specifying both horizontal and vertical distance is still supported.

Key binds

• Multiple key binds that have the same key assigned to them can now work together, while before only one would work.
  • For example, it's now possible to bind the d key to Jump and Strafe Left, to jump and strafe left at the same time.
  • The red warning for assigning the same key to multiple key binds is changed to yellow.
• Added a Spectator category in the key binds screen, alongside the pre-existing Highlight Players key bind.
• The spectator hotbar menu key can now be rebound.

Light

• Ambient lighting on entities has been adjusted to be more visually in line with blocks and other parts of the game.
  • The underside of flat surfaces will now be lit from that direction, instead of the opposite direction.
  • This mainly affects models containing cubes that are either flat or "hollow" such as: worn armor, worn elytra, the outside layers on player skins, the ribcages of skeletons or skeleton horses, the feet of chickens or frogs, the wings of phantoms or the ender dragon, the fins on fish, and more.

Loading world screen

• The world loading screen now shows the chunks that the player is about to be placed into, rather than chunks loaded around world spawn.
• The loading screen additionally now includes a progress bar.
  • This progress bar accounts for all kinds of chunk loading as mentioned above.
  • It was in versions before 1.3.1 with a slightly different texture.

Loot functions

• minecraft:copy_name
  • The source field now accepts new context values:
    • direct_attacker
    • target_entity
    • interacting_entity
• minecraft:copy_components
  • The source field now accepts new context values:
    • this
    • attacker
    • direct_attacker
    • attacking_player
    • target_entity
    • interacting_entity
    • tool

Loot tables

• Added minecraft:entity_interact loot table type which takes the following parameters:
  • target_entity, the entity being interacted with.
  • interacting_entity, the optional entity that is interacting with the target_entity.
  • tool, the tool used to interact with target_entity.
• Added minecraft:block_interact loot table type which takes the following parameters:
  • block_state, the block state of the block entity being interacted with.
  • block_entity, the optional block entity being interacted with.
  • interacting_entity, the optional entity that is interacting with the block_state.
  • tool, the optional tool used to interact with block_state.
• Fields that specify a target entity in a loot table, such as entity_properties.entity, can additionally target the target_entity and interacting_entity parameter types.
• Added charged_creeper/root loot table for drops when an entity is killed by a charged creeper.
  • This loot table dispatches on the mob that was killed, to the following loot tables:
    • charged_creeper/piglin
    • charged_creeper/creeper
    • charged_creeper/skeleton
    • charged_creeper/wither_skeleton
    • charged_creeper/zombie
  • Once any mob killed drops an item from this loot table, other mobs killed by the same creeper will not drop from this loot table.
• Added brush/armadillo loot table for drops when an armadillo is brushed.
• Added gameplay/turtle_grow loot table for drops when a turtle grows into an adult.
• Added harvest/beehive loot table for drops when a beehive or bee nest is harvested using shears.
• Added harvest/cave_vine loot table for drops when a cave vine with glowberries is harvested by interacting with it.
• Added harvest/sweet_berry_bush loot table for drops when a sweet berry bush with sweet berries is harvested by interacting with it.
• Added carve/pumpkin loot table for drops when a pumpkin is carved using shears.

Mouse cursor

• Some UI components will now change shape of mouse cursor.
  • Examples: text inputs, numeric sliders, buttons, scroll bars.
• Additionally, clickable parts of text labels (like links) will now change cursor to the "hand" shape.
• This feature can be disabled with "Allow Cursor Changes" option in "Mouse Settings..." menu.

Options

• A button leading to the Controls screen has been added to the Accessibility Settings screen.
  • The "Auto-Jump" option, as well as the "Sneak" and "Sprint" toggles have been removed from the Accessibility Settings screen.
• The "Show Subtitles" option has been renamed to "Closed Captions".
• The "Attack/Destroy" and "Use Item/Place Block" keybinds are now toggleable, meaning they can be set to either "Hold" or "Toggle" in the Controls screen.
• The "Hide Lightning Flashes" accessibility setting has been renamed to "Hide Sky Flashes" and now also disables the End Flashes.
  • When the flash is disabled by the setting the world will not be lit by the flash, but the flash source will still be visible in the sky and the sound effect will still play.
• Some sound sliders in the Music & Sound options now play a preview sound when adjusting the setting outside a world.
• The Resource Pack and Data Pack selection screens now have a search box.

Pack format

• The pack versions for data packs and resource packs now have minor versions.
  • A minor version increment of the game's pack version is backwards-compatible, meaning all packs made for previous iterations of the same major version will keep working.
• Packs can set compatibility requirements on minor versions in case they rely on resources introduced in a minor version.

Pack.mcmeta

• The pack.mcmeta format has been updated:
  • The supported_formats field has been removed.
    • If the pack declares support for a pack version with the previous format (data pack < 82, resource pack < 65), it is still required.
    • Otherwise, it is not allowed and must be removed.
  • The pack_format field is now optional.
    • If the pack declares support for a pack version with the previous format (data pack < 82, resource pack < 65), it is still required.
  • Added required field min_format - specifies the minimum version supported.
    • A full version is specified as a list of two integers, e.g [74, 1]
    • Specifying a single integer is interpreted as that major version, e.g. 74 is the same thing as [74, 0].
    • Specifying a list of a single integer is interpreted the same as specifying that integer alone.
  • Added required field max_format - specified the maximum version supported.
    • A full version is specified as a list of two integers, e.g [74, 1]
    • Specifying a single integer is interpreted as any minor version, i.e. the minor version is 0x7fffffff.
    • Specifying a list of a single integer is interpreted the same as specifying that integer alone.
  • For overlay entries:
    • The formats field has been removed.
      • If the pack includes any overlay range that includes a pack version with the previous format (data pack < 82, resource pack < 65), it is still required for all overlay definitions.
      • Otherwise, it is not allowed and must be removed.
    • Added required field min_format and max_format with the same formats the fields above with the same name for the pack section.

Panorama

• Updated the main menu panorama to show a village with copper golems.

Particles

• dragon_breath now optionally takes a power parameter (float, default 1.0), which is multiplied onto its initial velocity, after all randomness.
• instant_effect and effect now optionally take power (float, default 1.0) and color (rgb, default 0xFFFFFF) parameters.
• flash now requires a color parameter (argb).

Rendering

• Entity rendering order was improved for significantly better performance.
  • Areas with lots of mobs, like mob farms, will have a smoother gameplay.
  • FPS will not improve much if most of the lag comes from things other than entities, like playing with high render distance while not being near many mobs.
• Particles outside of players view are not rendered anymore, which provides a performance improvement in some cases.

Resource pack

• The version is now 69.0.
• Added new block sprites: acacia_shelf, bamboo_shelf, birch_shelf, cherry_shelf, copper, copper_bars, copper_chain, copper_lantern, copper_left, copper_right, copper_torch, crimson_shelf, dark_oak_shelf, exposed_copper, exposed_copper_bars, exposed_copper_chain, exposed_copper_lantern, exposed_copper_left, exposed_copper_right, jungle_shelf, mangrove_shelf, oak_shelf, oxidized_copper, oxidized_copper_bars, oxidized_copper_chain, oxidized_copper_lantern, oxidized_copper_left, oxidized_copper_right, pale_oak_shelf, spruce_shelf, warped_shelf, weathered_copper, weathered_copper_bars, weathered_copper_chain, weathered_copper_lantern, weathered_copper_left, weathered_copper_right
• Added new entity sprites: copper_chain, copper_lantern, copper_golem, copper_golem_eyes, exposed_copper_chain, exposed_copper_lantern, exposed_copper_golem, exposed_copper_golem_eyes, oxidized_copper_chain, oxidized_copper_lantern, oxidized_copper_golem, oxidized_copper_golem_eyes, weathered_copper_chain, weathered_copper_lantern, weathered_copper_golem, weathered_copper_golem_eyes
• Added new item sprites: copper_axe, copper_boots, copper_chestplate, copper_golem_spawn_egg, copper_helmet, copper_hoe, copper_leggings, copper_nugget, copper_pickaxe, copper_shovel, copper_sword
• Added new display transform on_shelf
  • Used for displaying items on the Shelf.
• Renamed the following block sprites: chain to iron_chain.
• Renamed the following item sprites: chain to iron_chain.

Server.properties

• A new boolean field has been added to server.properties called enable-code-of-conduct.
  • Setting it to true will make the server look for code of conduct files in the codeofconduct subfolder in the same folder as server.properties
  • Each file in the folder should have the form <language_code>.txt
    • The language shown will attempt to match the player's language.
    • If it doesn't exist, the en_us code of conduct will be used.
    • If that also doesn't exist, an arbitrary available entry is used.
• Several server properties were removed in favour of making them into game rules, allowing these settings to be changed while the server is running.
• Removed server property allow-nether in favor of new game rule.
• Removed server property enable-command-block in favor of new game rule.
• Removed server property pvp in favor of new game rule.
• Removed server property spawn-monsters in favor of new game rule.
• Added server property management-server-enabled controlling whether the new Minecraft Server Management Protocol is enabled or not.
  • Defaults to false.
• Added server property management-server-host controlling with what host the new Minecraft Server Management Protocol is started.
  • Defaults to localhost.
• Added server property management-server-port controlling on what port the Minecraft Server Management Protocol is started.
  • Defaults to 0, assigning an available port each time management server is started.
• Added server property management-server-tls-enabled controlling whether the Minecraft Server Management Protocol uses TLS or not.
  • Defaults to true.
• Added server property management-server-tls-keystore controlling the path to the keystore file used for TLS.
  • Defaults to an empty string.
  • A dedicated server won't start when TLS is enabled and no keystore is provided.
• Added server property management-server-tls-keystore-password controlling the password to the keystore file used for TLS.
  • Defaults to an empty string.
• Added server property status-heartbeat-interval controlling the interval the management server sends heartbeat notifications to connected clients.
  • Defaults to 0, meaning it’s disabled.

Server Code of Conduct

• Formatting codes are now stripped from code of conduct files.

Shaders & Post-process effects

• The following unused shaders have been removed:
  • core/position_color_lightmap.vsh
  • core/position_color_lightmap.fsh
  • core/position_color_tex_lightmap.vsh
  • core/position_color_tex_lightmap.fsh
• Minor change to uv calculations in the minecraft_sample_lightmap function in the core/terrain.vsh program.
• Full Screen Passes
  • The following vertex shaders have been removed, and replaced by core/screenquad.vsh:
    • core/blit_screen.vsh
    • post/blit.vsh
    • post/blur.vsh
    • post/invert.vsh
    • post/sobel.vsh
    • post/screenquad.vsh
  • Vertex shaders for post-processing effects, as well as lightmap generation and full screen blits are no longer are passed the Position attribute, and instead must assign vertex coordinates by gl_VertexID.
  • These passes furthermore are only executed with 3 vertices, instead of a full quad
• A new PER_FACE_LIGHTING flag has been added to the following shaders:
  • core/entity.vsh
  • core/entity.fsh
• When set, cardinal lighting will be computed separately for front- and back-faces.
• As the game now requires OpenGL 3.3, the version of all shaders are bumped from 150 to 330.

Social Interactions

• Players that have joined a server are now always shown in the Social Interactions screen of that server even if they are offline.^{[verify for Java Edition]}

Splashes

• Changed the splash "Now on OpenGL 3.2 core profile!" to "Now on OpenGL 3.3 core profile!"

Statistics

• The Statistics screen now uses the same type of tabs as the Create New World screen instead of buttons.

Tags

• Biome Tags
  • Added cherry_grove to #stronghold_biased_to tag.
• Block Tags
  • Added #copper_chests to #guarded_by_piglins tag.
  • Added barrier to #impermeable tag.
  • Added #wooden_shelves to #mineable/axe tag.
  • Added #bars, #chains, #copper_chests, #copper_golem_statues, #lanterns, and #lightning_rods to #mineable/pickaxe tag, and removed chain, iron_bars, lantern, lightning_rod, and soul_lantern.
  • Added #copper_chests, and #lightning_rods to #needs_stone_tool tag, and removed lightning_rod.
  • Added copper_torch to #wall_post_override block tag.
• Entity Tags
  • Added copper_golem to #can_breathe_under_water, and #fall_damage_immune tags.
• Item Tags
  • Added copper_axe to #axes tag.
  • Added copper_chestplate to #chest_armor tag.
  • Added copper_pickaxe to #cluster_max_harvestables, and #pickaxes tags.
  • Added copper_boots to #foot_armor tag.
  • Added copper_helmet to #head_armor tag.
  • Added copper_hoe to #hoes tag.
  • Added copper_leggings to #leg_armor tag.
  • Added crimson_shelf, and warped_shelf to #non_flammable_wood tag.
  • Added copper_shovel to #shovels tag.
  • Added copper_sword to #swords tag.

Text component format

• Bold and italics styles are ignored when drawing sprites.

• object Text Component
  • This component has been updated to support displaying other non-character objects as a part of text.
  • New format:
    • object: type of object, string, see below for values.
    • <type-specific>: additional fields depending on object type.
  • Similarly to nbt text component object field can be omitted.
    • However, it's recommended to provide it for error checking.

• atlas Object Type
  • Behaves the same way as the object component did previously, but is now a separate object type.
  • Uses the same format as before.

• player Object Type
  • Renders player head.
  • If partial profile is given, skin is resolved in the same way as minecraft:profile component on player head.
  • Format:
    • player: player profile
      • name: player name, optional string
      • id: player uuid, optional UUID
      • properties: profile properties, optional map
    • hat: controls rendering of a hat layer, boolean, default true

Textures

• Moved the result slot of gui/container/villager.png up by one pixel.

Texture atlases

• The following texture atlases no longer have unused mipmapped versions generated:
  • armor_trims.png-atlas
  • banner_patterns.png-atlas
  • beds.png-atlas
  • chest.png-atlas
  • decorated_pot.png-atlas
  • shield_patterns.png-atlas
  • shulker_boxes.png-atlas
  • signs.png-atlas

UI

• When adding a new server to the server list, the name is no longer prefilled. When left empty the default name is used.
• More text inputs now support selecting text by mouse dragging.
• Double-clicking a word in edit box now selects it.

World border

• The world border is now dimension-specific.
  • This means that each dimension can have its own world border size, position, etc.

World generation

• The initial_density_without_jaggedness field in noise_settings definitions has been replaced with a preliminary_surface_level field.
  • initial_density_without_jaggedness was a 3D density function that was used to determine an approximate surface level by scanning for the first point with a density greater than 0.390625.
  • preliminary_surface_level is a 2D density function that should produce the y-level of the approximate surface.
  • The minecraft:find_top_surface density function can be used to replicate the previous scanning.

Fixes

149 issues fixed

From released versions before 1.21

• MC-383 – In the world selection screen, world names/versions/timestamps can overflow the list to the right.
• MC-26334 – Chat UI is forcibly cleared when killed.
• MC-36783 – Item frames/Glow item frames don't change their hitbox if they contain a map.
• MC-46503 – You can retain entities' shaders by running the /kill command while in spectator mode.
• MC-46634 – Thunder volume is not affected by weather volume settings.
• MC-59413 – Water and lava can drip from barriers.
• MC-69216 – Switching to spectator mode while fishing keeps rod cast.
• MC-73881 – Summoning monsters in peaceful difficulty spawns monster for 1 tick.
• MC-89142 – Changing jump key to "Enter" let player jump after completing chat line.
• MC-94610 – Missing loot table entries for mob heads from charged creepers.
• MC-98200 – All sound sliders except master are ignored by high-volume /playsound.
• MC-98322 – Flying after shifting between Creative/Spectator.
• MC-99785 – You can leash entities in spectator mode.
• MC-119417 – A spectator can occupy a bed if they enter it and then are switched to spectator mode.
• MC-147784 – Fletching table flashes crafting table's GUI for about a second upon right-clicking it in spectator mode.
• MC-160528 – End portals do not negate fall damage.
• MC-163218 – Players with the Sneak option set to "Toggle" can sneak while in GUIs.
• MC-165991 – TNT explosion no longer shows additional smoke particles since 1.15 Pre-release 1.
• MC-173730 – Shift-clicking water buckets against a waterloggable block doesn't place the water beside the waterloggable block.
• MC-174759 – Dragon eggs can be teleported to a height below void.
• MC-183776 – After switching game modes using F3 + F4, you need to press F3 twice to toggle the debug screen.
• MC-183784 – Visual bug to the Game Mode Switcher debug menu after resizing the window.
• MC-187850 – run_command click_event doesn't work in written books if chat is hidden.
• MC-191669 – Sprinting is disabled when switching your gamemode to spectator while sprinting into a block or general obstruction.
• MC-192907 – The F3 debug menu cannot be toggled while chat is open.
• MC-196443 – When reducedDebugInfo is true, hitting F3 + B and F3 + G would still tell the player in chat that they are being toggled, despite nothing happening.
• MC-197247 – Using F3 + D to clear pending lines keeps the previous delay for a new message.
• MC-203401 – Double-tapping forward button to sprint cannot be disabled/reconfigured.
• MC-217956 – Number keys do not work on the game menu with the debug pie.
• MC-220842 – Opening game mode switcher while spectating a mob with shader effect toggles the effect.
• MC-220913 – Parity issue: Adjusting slider in the sound settings when not being in a world does not play a sound of that category.
• MC-223142 – Player can move while spectating a marker.
• MC-225088 – Overworld surface is darker than before on low brightness.
• MC-232968 – Spectators can prevent the closing animation of a chest/barrel when viewing it at the same time as a non-spectator.
• MC-234479 – You can invite the same player multiple times to your realm even if they've already received an invitation or have already joined it.
• MC-234737 – Typo in exception message: "EmtyPoolElement".
• MC-235780 – The beacon GUI incorrectly displays the "Beacon" tooltip when the mouse cursor is held over the "Done" or "Cancel" buttons.
• MC-236508 – The title within the "Add Server" menu is displayed as "Edit Server Info".
• MC-237016 – The chat delay function continues to print messages despite the game being paused.
• MC-237590 – The word "chunks" is improperly capitalized within the render and simulation distance sliders.
• MC-237843 – Players can be idle kicked whilst viewing the end credits.
• MC-238146 – When you switch to Spectator mode while sleeping, the night never skips.
• MC-238273 – "Locked by another running instance of Minecraft" lacks punctuation.
• MC-243759 – Explosions won't damage an entity if the distance to its eyes is 0.
• MC-249205 – "minecraft.used:minecraft.potion" increases by a value of two when using water bottles to create mud in creative mode.
• MC-250062 – Several strings throughout the game contain comma splices.
• MC-250193 – Server log does not use the string representation of a player's GameProfile on a disconnect during encryption.
• MC-254052 – /locate doesn't work outside build limit.
• MC-254668 – Pressing Escape on the death screen's title screen warning respawns the player.
• MC-257540 – Sheep eat half as often as they did before 21w39a.
• MC-257792 – Output slot for trading menu is off-center.
• MC-258191 – Root system feature allows hanging root vertical span of 0, causing error.
• MC-259347 – Height limit warning message is shown when right-clicking the top of a block at the build height limit with a bucket.
• MC-259571 – Last player game mode not saved after player dies or the game is reloaded.
• MC-259673 – Tab selection works differently in world creation and statistics screens.
• MC-259692 – Sneaking and sprinting states are activated or toggled unexpectedly when releasing their input keys while an interface was just previously closed.
• MC-259935 – It can snow even when biome precipitation is set to NONE.
• MC-260591 – /execute on origin and /execute on owner} fail to find the targeted entity when it is in a separate dimension.
• MC-260822 – The "Done" and "Cancel" buttons within the beacon GUI no longer display tooltips when the mouse cursor is held over them.
• MC-260920 – Statistics screen columns are not accessible through keyboard navigation.
• MC-261387 – Redundant block_predicate_filter check in mangrove tree placement.
• MC-262000 – Unused texture: misc/white.png.
• MC-262370 – Some multiplayer strings are untranslatable.
• MC-263597 – The ender dragon's respawning noise cannot be turned down by the Hostile Mobs volume slider.
• MC-264962 – Strings that contain two inputs for a given action have inconsistent spacing and apostrophes.
• MC-265290 – Elements within the command block interface are not selected in order when using the Tab ↹ key.
• MC-265807 – Mobs don't drown if their Air NBT is less than -19.
• MC-269838 – Pumpkin seeds drop from sheared pumpkins is hardcoded.
• MC-269839 – Honeycomb drop from sheared bee nests and beehives is hardcoded.
• MC-270172 – Client and server desync for hooked players when changing gamemode to spectator.
• MC-270190 – Hovering over banner patterns in the loom UI does not display tooltips.
• MC-270669 – Incorrect argument order in translation key argument.block.property.novalue.
• MC-270918 – Loot tables for mob heads are missing copy_components loot function for custom_name.
• MC-272584 – Fireballs redirected by explosions caused by player owned entities no longer carry player ownership.

From 1.21

• MC-273943 – Sweet berries drop from harvested bushes is hardcoded.

From 1.21.1

• MC-275244 – Setting "width_smoothness" in file configured_carver to 0 causes the game to freeze or crash.
• MC-275432 – Subtitles are difficult to see within screens.
• MC-276431 – Dragon egg teleports above the build height limit and deletes itself.
• MC-276568 – Mipmapped versions of the armor trims atlas are generated.
• MC-276629 – Glow berries drop from cave vines appears to be hardcoded.
• MC-276931 – Enchanted books have the wrong rarity.
• MC-277447 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for chests, but does not use them.
• MC-277450 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for shulker boxes, but does not use them.
• MC-277470 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for beds, but does not use them.
• MC-277471 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for signs, but does not use them.
• MC-277473 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for decorated pots, but does not use them.
• MC-277481 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for banners, but does not use them.
• MC-277483 – Minecraft generates mipmapped textures for shields, but does not use them.
• MC-277770 – Processor type block_age always modifies slabs property "type" to bottom.

From 1.21.2

• MC-276759 – Scute drop from brushing armadillos is hardcoded.

From 1.21.3

• MC-278435 – Mushroom Fields biome doesn't generate pumpkin patches despite being specified in vanilla datapack.
• MC-278550 – While flying in creative or spectator mode, the surface of water can prevent you from sprinting.

From 1.21.4

• MC-277975 – The first line of the command execution warning in an item's tooltip is missing punctuation.
• MC-278965 – Cherry Grove is not part of the #stronghold_biased_to tag.
• MC-279123 – Some strings that reference Minecraft Realms use inconsistent or missing verb forms.
• MC-279153 – Some strings that mention the base values of attributes are missing articles.
• MC-279173 – The "chat.disabled.invalid_command_signature" string is missing an article before the word "Command".
• MC-279174 – The "gamerule.spawnChunkRadius.description" string is missing an article before the word "Amount".
• MC-279175 – Some multiplayer disconnection strings are missing articles and demonstratives.
• MC-279176 – The "gamerule.commandModificationBlockLimit.description" string is missing an article before the word "Number".
• MC-279212 – Some narration strings are missing articles and possessive determiners.
• MC-279793 – Mounting horses, donkeys, mules, zombie horses, skeleton horses, and camels no longer forces you to face forward.
• MC-289348 – Ender pearls stop loading chunks in The End after relog, if there are no players in that dimension.

From 1.21.5

• MC-279548 – TNT minecart does not remember ignition source when exploding from a fall.
• MC-295829 – Test instance block GUI uses "Batch" instead of "Environment".
• MC-295841 – Interactive collision check path is broken.
• MC-296054 – Fast non-projectile entity movements may fail to apply block effects from blocks around the starting position when moving in positive directions.
• MC-296055 – Slow non-projectile entity movements may fail to apply block effects from origin block.
• MC-296057 – Sideways non-projectile movements may fail to apply block effects from blocks around start of sideways motion.
• MC-296372 – Teleport duration is unreliable as of 1.21.5.
• MC-296789 – The color of text within the test instance block interface is inconsistent with other similar interfaces.
• MC-298274 – Certain invalid commands give "see below for error" with no additional information.
• MC-298805 – Axes disable shields even when the shield does not block the attack.

From 1.21.6

• MC-297126 – "Failed to read field..." error spam when upgrading a 25w15a or 25w16a world.
• MC-297496 – Text inside the middle of the java realms information box completely disappears when selected.
• MC-297593 – Cauldrons now apply the effect of the substance they're filled with when contacted from the underside.
• MC-297898 – Entering a dialog temporarily closes the chat and clears anything the player was currently typing.
• MC-298605 – When creating a Water World superflat world, the player spawns at the bottom of the sea.
• MC-298732 – The cursor is no longer shown at the end of lines that aren't the final one.
• MC-298883 – The active world slot is not highlighted when selected via TAB navigation in Realms.
• MC-299067 – Arrows can lose ownership on disconnection in multiplayer.
• MC-299105 – Tears and Lava Chicken music disc 'desc' translations are unused.
• MC-299115 – Arrows lose their owner tag when deflected while the owner is offline.

From 1.21.7

• MC-299314 – Breaking jukeboxes in certain ways doesn't stop the music.
• MC-299450 – You can no longer double-click to select characters in the book and quill interface.
• MC-299451 – Pages in book and quills are no longer automatically focused when switching pages.
• MC-299548 – run_command dialog actions don't work if chat is hidden.
• MC-299566 – The cursor in the book and quill interface is positioned too far to the left.
• MC-299627 – Entity interpolation for high speed projectiles is wildly inaccurate.
• MC-299628 – Mounted players/mobs trigger sculk sensors on world load.
• MC-299770 – Chunks loaded by ender pearls permanently unload upon player death even when enderPearlsVanishOnDeath is set to false.
• MC-299782 – Zombie villagers saved in jigsaw structures forget their biome variant and profession upon world generation.

From 1.21.8

• MC-299823 – Minecraft shaders cause C7050 warnings.
• MC-299837 – Running two or more /rotate commands in the same tick only applies the rotation of the last command.
• MC-299872 – The freezing overlay flashes when a freezing player touches fire.
• MC-299873 – Selection boxes of plain messages within dialogs can get cut off.
• MC-299896 – You can switch the worlds of expired realms to empty slots, which misleadingly prompts world creation despite no active realms subscription.
• MC-299913 – The "You don't seem to have a Realm..." focusable text widget now has a black background.
• MC-300021 – Some elements of the villager interface are now rendered above the cursor item.
• MC-300034 – Dolphins can ride boats.
• MC-300092 – F3 pie chart particle entries are missing names.
• MC-300340 – Continuously clicking "Continue" on the welcome page resets the button disappearance animation progress.
• MC-300457 – Dialog is unescapable when action or exit_action is set to run_command with a command that would produce a signed chat message.
• MC-300856 – I-beam cursor in book signing screen has wrong color.
• MC-301494 – Falling particles no longer appear from floating sand or gravel.
• MC-301510 – GUI sprites nine slice performance regression.
• MC-301619 – Game mode translation key is used in the console message sent when a player tries to switch their game mode without permission.
• MC-301770 – The below_name plate is not displayed higher for players and mannequins named “deadmau5”.
• MC-301883 – Entities going through portals with their Motion set to more than 10 on an axis have their Motion tag reset.

Videos

Trivia

• This is the first Java Edition 1.x.9 release since 1.8.9, which released in December 2015.
  • It is also the fourth 1.x.9 release overall, following Alpha v1.0.9 (2010), 1.7.9 (2014) and 1.8.9 (2015).

Notes

References

Navigation

v t e Minecraft: Java Edition versions
Demo Locations Classic Remake Developer versions Missing versions (in the launcher) Asset updates Beta Sound Update (2011) Music Update (2013) Texture Update (2019) Joke updates 2010s 2.0 (2013) preview 15w14a (2015) 1.RV-Pre1 (2016) 3D Shareware v1.34 (2019) 2020s 20w14∞ (2020) 22w13oneBlockAtATime (2022) 23w13a_or_b* (2023) 24w14potato* (2024) 25w14craftmine (2025) Combat Tests 1.14.3 - Combat Test Combat Test 2 Combat Test 3 Combat Test 4 Combat Test 5 Combat Test 6 Combat Test 7c Combat Test 7 Combat Test 7b Combat Test 8b Combat Test 8 Combat Test 8c
Pre-Classic (2009) Version history Guide Cave Game Cave game tech test (dev) rd-132211 rd-132328 Minecraft: Order of the Stone rd-20090515 Minecraft rd-160052 rd-161348
Classic (2009) Version history Guide Private alpha mc-161607 mc-161616 mc-161625 mc-161648 0.0.2a 0.0.3a 0.0.9a 0.0.10a Early Classic 0.0.11a 0.0.12a (dev) _01 02 03* 0.0.13a (dev) _03 0.0.14a (dev) 01 03 04* 05* 06 07 08 Multiplayer Test 0.0.15a Multiplayer Test 1 (dev) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _01 _02 _03 0.0.16a _01 _02*** 0.0.17a 0.0.18a _01 _02 0.0.19a (dev) _01 _02 _03 _04 _05 _06* 0.0.20a _01 _02 0.0.21a* _01 0.0.22a* _01 _02 _03 _04 _05 0.0.23a _01 HP Survival Test 0.24_SURVIVAL_TEST (dev) _01 _02* _03 0.25 SURVIVAL TEST #2 #3 #4 _05 0.26 SURVIVAL TEST (dev) 0.27 SURVIVAL TEST Late Classic 0.28 (dev) _01 0.29 _01 _02 0.30* Server 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4* 1.4.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8.1 1.8.2 1.8.3 1.9 1.9.1 1.10 1.10.1
Indev (2009–2010) Version history Guide 0.31 December 2009 23 00:40 (dev) 14:57 14:59 31 18:56 20:04 20:13 20:33 21:47 22:55 January 2010 04 21:54 22:58 06 16:55 21:58 22:20 07 18:51 19:47 20:10 09 19:39 20:00 10 11 22:07 22:10 12 08:26 19:49 13 20:15 C 22:44 14 22 17:08 22:51 24 21:19 21:34 23:10 25 28 22:00 23:04 29 14:47 14:52 21:29 21:34 21:38 21:58 22:09 23:32 30* 31 21:56** 22:41 22:44 February 2010 01 00:25 00:38 22:27 02*** 04 15:41 20:27 21:53 05 15:58 22:41 06-1437 Minecraft Indev 06 20:34 21:03 07 10:57 11:01 16:47 17:03 11 23:27 23:33 23:40 12 12:10 16:22 13 14 18 00:11 00:16 19 23
Infdev (2010) Version history Guide Minecraft Infdev Phase 1 227 14:14 (dev) 14:33 313 316 320 321 325 15:45 16:40 Phase 2 327 330 12:03 15:11 413 19:49 19:53 414 415 420 Phase 3 607 608 611 615 616 18:08 22:10 617 12:05 15:31 618 (SF1) 624 625 09:22 19:17 (SF2) 627 629 630 13:40 18:35
Alpha (2010) Version history Development versions v1.0 (Guide) v1.0.0 v1.0.1 (SF3) _01 v1.0.2 _01 _02 v1.0.3 v1.0.4 (SF4) v1.0.5* _01 v1.0.6 (SF5) _01 02 03 v1.0.7 v1.0.8 _01 v1.0.9 v1.0.10 v1.0.11 (SF6) v1.0.12 v1.0.13 _01 (1K IN 24h) v1.0.14* (SF7) v1.0.15 v1.0.16 _01 02 v1.0.17 (SF8) _01 02 03 04 v1.1 (Guide) v1.1.0** (SF9) v1.1.1 (SS1) v1.1.2 _01 Halloween Update (Guide) v1.2.0* preview v1.2.0_01 _02 v1.2.1 _01 v1.2.2** v1.2.3 _01* 02 04 05 v1.2.4 _01 v1.2.5 v1.2.6 Server 0.1.0 0.1.1* 0.1.2* _01 0.1.3 0.1.4 0.2.0 _01 0.2.1 0.2.2 _01 0.2.3 0.2.4 0.2.5* _01 02 0.2.6 _01 02 0.2.7 0.2.8
Beta (2010–2011) Version history Development versions 1.0 (Guide) 1.0 1.0_01 1.0.2* 1.1 (Guide) 1.1* 1.1_01 1.1_02 1.2 (Guide) 1.2 1.2_01 1.2_02 20110517 1.3 (Guide) 1.3** 1.3_01 Demo 1.4 (Guide) 1.4* (dev) 1.4_01 1.5 (Guide) 1.5 (dev) 1.5_01 1.5_02 1.6 (Guide) 1.6 preview Test Build 3 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.6.4 1.6.5 1.6.6 1.7 (Guide) 1.7 preview 1.7_01 1.7.2 1.7.3 Adventure Update: Part I (Guide) 1.8 PAX Prime preview pre* pre2* 1.8.1
Full Release (1.0–1.9) (2011–2016) Version history Development versions Adventure Update: Part II (Guide) 1.0.0* pre pre2 Beta 2 pre3** pre4* pre5 pre6 RC1 RC2** 1.0.1 1.1 (Guide) 1.1 11w47a 11w48a 11w49a 11w50a 12w01a 1.2 (Guide) 1.2.1 12w03a 12w04a 12w05a* 12w05b 12w06a 12w07a 12w07b 12w08a 1.2 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.3 (Guide) 1.3.1 12w15a 12w16a 12w17a 12w18a 12w19a 12w21a 12w21b 12w22a 12w23a 12w23b 12w24a 12w25a 12w26a 12w27a 12w30a 12w30b 12w30c 12w30d 12w30e 1.3 1.3.2 Pretty Scary Update (Guide) 1.4.2 12w32a 12w34a 12w34b 12w36a 12w37a 12w38a 12w38b 12w39a 12w39b 12w40a 12w40b 12w41a 12w41b 12w42a 12w42b 1.4 1.4.1* 1.4.4 1.4.3 1.4.5 pre 1.4.6 12w49a 12w50a 12w50b pre* 1.4.7 Redstone Update (Guide) 1.5 13w01a 13w01b 13w02a* 13w02b 13w03a** 13w04a* 13w05a* 13w05b 13w06a* 13w07a 13w09a 13w09b 13w09c 13w10a 13w10b pre 1.5.1 13w11a 13w12~* pre 1.5.2 pre Horse Update (Guide) 1.6.1 13w16a*** 13w16b** 13w17a 13w18a 13w18b 13w18c 13w19a 13w21a 13w21b 13w22a* 13w23a 13w23b* 13w24a 13w24b 13w25a 13w25b 13w25c 13w26a 1.6* 1.6.2* pre** 1.6.4 1.6.3* The Update that Changed the World (Guide) 1.7.2 13w36a* 13w36b** 13w37a 13w37b 13w38a 13w38b 13w38c* 13w39a 13w39b 13w41a 13w41b* 13w42a 13w42b 13w43a 1.7* 1.7.1 1.7.4 13w47a 13w47b 13w47c 13w47d 13w47e 13w48a 13w48b 13w49a 1.7.3 pre 1.7.5 wip 1.7.6 pre1 pre2 1.7.7* 1.7.8 1.7.9 1.7.10 pre1 pre2* pre3 pre4 Bountiful Update (Guide) 1.8 14w02a 14w02b 14w02c 14w03a 14w03b 14w04a* 14w04b* 14w05a 14w05b 14w06a 14w06b 14w07a 14w08a 14w10a 14w10b 14w10c* 14w11a 14w11b* 14w17a 14w18a 14w18b 14w19a 14w20a 14w20b 14w21a 14w21b 14w25a 14w25b 14w26a 14w26b 14w26c 14w27a 14w27b* 14w28a 14w28b 14w29a 14w29b 14w30a 14w30b 14w30c 14w31a 14w32a 14w32b 14w32c 14w32d 14w33a 14w33b 14w33c 14w34a 14w34b 14w34c* 14w34d pre1 pre2 pre3 1.8.1 pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 1.8.2 pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 1.8.3 1.8.4 1.8.5 1.8.6 1.8.7 1.8.8 1.8.9 Combat Update (Guide) 1.9 15w31a 15w31b 15w31c 15w32a 15w32b 15w32c 15w33a 15w33b 15w33c 15w34a 15w34b 15w34c 15w34d 15w35a 15w35b 15w35c 15w35d 15w35e 15w36a 15w36b 15w36c 15w36d 15w37a 15w38a 15w38b 15w39a 15w39b 15w39c 15w40a 15w40b 15w41a 15w41b 15w42a 15w43a 15w43b 15w43c 15w44a 15w44b 15w45a 15w46a 15w47a 15w47b 15w47c 15w49a 15w49b 15w50a 15w51a 15w51b 16w02a 16w03a 16w04a 16w05a 16w05b 16w06a 16w07a 16w07b pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 1.9.1 pre1 pre2 pre3 1.9.2 1.9.3 16w14a 16w15a 16w15b pre1 pre2 pre3 1.9.4
Full Release (1.10–1.19) (2016–2023) Version history Development versions Frostburn Update (Guide) 1.10 16w20a 16w21a 16w21b pre1 pre2 1.10.1 1.10.2 Exploration Update (Guide) 1.11 16w32a 16w32b 16w33a 16w35a 16w36a 16w38a 16w39a 16w39b 16w39c 16w40a 16w41a 16w42a 16w43a 16w44a pre1 1.11.1 16w50a pre 1.11.2 World of Color Update (Guide) 1.12 17w06a 17w13a* 17w13b 17w14a 17w15a 17w16a 17w16b 17w17a 17w17b 17w18a* 17w18b pre1 pre2 pre3* pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 1.12.1 17w31a pre1 1.12.2 pre1 pre2 Update Aquatic (Guide) 1.13 17w43a 17w43b 17w45a 17w45b 17w46a 17w47a 17w47b 17w48a 17w49a 17w49b 17w50a 18w01a 18w02a 18w03a 18w03b 18w05a 18w06a 18w07a 18w07b 18w07c 18w08a 18w08b 18w09a 18w10a 18w10b 18w10c 18w10d 18w11a 18w14a 18w14b 18w15a 18w16a 18w19a 18w19b 18w20a 18w20b 18w20c 18w21a 18w21b 18w22a 18w22b 18w22c pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 pre8 pre9 pre10 1.13.1 18w30a 18w30b 18w31a 18w32a 18w33a pre1 pre2 1.13.2 pre1 pre2 Village & Pillage & Texture Update (Guide) 1.14 18w43a 18w43b 18w43c 18w44a 18w45a 18w46a 18w47a 18w47b 18w48a 18w48b 18w49a 18w50a 19w02a 19w03a 19w03b 19w03c 19w04a 19w04b 19w05a 19w06a 19w07a 19w08a 19w08b 19w09a 19w11a 19w11b 19w12a 19w12b 19w13a 19w13b* 19w14a 19w14b pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 1.14.1 pre1 pre2 1.14.2 pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4* 1.14.3 pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 1.14.4 pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 Buzzy Bees (Guide) 1.15 19w34a 19w35a 19w36a 19w37a 19w38a 19w38b 19w39a 19w40a 19w41a 19w42a 19w44a 19w45a 19w45b 19w46a 19w46b pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 1.15.1 pre1 1.15.2 pre1 pre2 Nether Update (Guide) 1.16* 20w06a 20w07a 20w08a 20w09a 20w10a 20w11a 20w12a 20w13a 20w13b 20w14a 20w15a 20w16a 20w17a 20w18a 20w19a 20w20a 20w20b 20w21a 20w22a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 pre8 rc1 1.16.1 1.16.2 20w27a 20w28a 20w29a 20w30a pre1 pre2 pre3 rc1 rc2 1.16.3 rc1 1.16.4 pre1 pre2 rc1 1.16.5 pre1 rc1 Caves & Cliffs: Part I (Guide) 1.17 20w45a 20w46a 20w48a 20w49a 20w51a 21w03a 21w05a 21w05b 21w06a 21w07a 21w08a 21w08b 21w10a 21w11a 21w13a 21w14a 21w15a 21w16a 21w17a 21w18a 21w19a 21w20a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 rc1 rc2 1.17.1 pre1 pre2 pre3 rc1 rc2 Caves & Cliffs: Part II (Guide) 1.18 Experimental 1 2 3 4 5 6 8f847b11fb2 7 21w37a 21w38a 21w39a 21w40a 21w41a 21w42a 21w43a 21w44a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 pre8 rc1 rc2 rc3 rc4 1.18.1 pre1 rc1 rc2 rc3 1.18.2 22w03a 22w05a 22w06a 22w07a pre1 pre2 pre3 rc1 The Wild Update (Guide) 1.19 Experimental 1 22w11a 22w12a 22w13a 22w14a 22w15a 22w16a 22w16b 22w17a 22w18a 22w19a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 rc1 rc2 1.19.1 22w24a pre1 rc1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 rc2 rc3 1.19.2 rc1 rc2 1.19.3 22w42a 22w43a 22w44a 22w45a 22w46a pre1 pre2 pre3 rc1 rc2 rc3 1.19.4 23w03a 23w04a 23w05a 23w06a 23w07a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 rc2 rc3
Full Release (1.20–present) (2023–present) Version history Development versions Trails & Tales (Guide) 1.20 23w12a 23w13a 23w14a 23w16a 23w17a 23w18a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 pre6 pre7 rc1 1.20.1 rc1 1.20.2 23w31a 23w32a 23w33a 23w35a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 rc2 Bats and Pots (Guide) 1.20.3 23w40a 23w41a 23w42a 23w43a 23w43b 23w44a 23w45a 23w46a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 1.20.4 rc1 Armored Paws (Guide) 1.20.5 23w51a 23w51b 24w03a 24w03b 24w04a 24w05a 24w05b 24w06a 24w07a 24w09a 24w10a 24w11a 24w12a 24w13a 24w14a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 rc2 rc3 1.20.6 rc1 Tricky Trials (Guide) 1.21 24w18a 24w19a 24w19b 24w20a 24w21a 24w21b pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 1.21.1 rc1 Bundles of Bravery (Guide) 1.21.2 24w33a 24w34a 24w35a 24w36a 24w37a 24w38a 24w39a 24w40a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 pre5 rc1 rc2 1.21.3 The Garden Awakens (Guide) 1.21.4 24w44a 24w45a 24w46a pre1 pre2 pre3 rc1 rc2 rc3 Spring to Life (Guide) 1.21.5 25w02a 25w03a 25w04a 25w05a 25w06a 25w07a 25w08a 25w09a 25w09b 25w10a pre1 pre2 pre3 rc1 rc2 Chase the Skies (Guide) 1.21.6 25w15a 25w16a 25w17a 25w18a 25w19a 25w20a 25w21a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 1.21.7 rc1 rc2 1.21.8 rc1 The Copper Age (Guide) 1.21.9 25w31a 25w32a 25w33a 25w34a 25w34b 25w35a 25w36a 25w36b 25w37a pre1 pre2 pre3 pre4 rc1 1.21.10 rc1 Mounts of Mayhem (Guide) 1.21.11[unofficial name] 25w41a 25w42a 25w43a 25w44a 25w45a * indicates a reupload