Java Edition 25w45a

Minecraft 25w45a
Edition	Java Edition
Release date	November 4, 2025
Type	Snapshot
Snapshot for	1.21.11
Downloads	Client (.json); Unobfuscated client (.zip) ; Server; Unobfuscated server
Obfuscation maps	Client; Server
Protocol version	dec: 1073742103; hex: 40000117
Data version	4661
Resource pack format	73.0
Data pack format	93.0
Minimum Java version	Java SE 21
◄ 25w44a	25w45a

25w45a is the fifth snapshot for Java Edition 1.21.11,^{[unofficial name]} released on November 4, 2025, which adds a coral variant of zombie nautilus and a netherite tier of horse armor.^[1]

Additions

Mobs

Coral zombie nautilus

A new variant of the zombie nautilus.
Spawns in warm oceans, replacing the normal zombie nautilus.

Items

Netherite horse armor

Can be obtained by upgrading diamond horse armor with a smithing table.

Ingredients	Smithing recipe
Netherite Upgrade + Diamond Horse Armor + Netherite Ingot

Gameplay

Advancement

Added one new advancement.

Icon	Advancement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)
	Mob Kabob^{[upcoming JE 1.21.11]}	Hit five mobs in the same Charge attack using the Spear.	Armor Stand and Mannequin also count for this advancement.

General

Environment attributes

minecraft:visual/sunrise_sunset_color
- Controls the color and intensity of the sunrise and sunset effect. If fully transparent, no sunrise or sunset will be rendered. Only visible with the overworld skybox type.
  - Value type: ARGB Color
  - Default value: "#00000000"
  - Modifiers: ARGB Color Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.
- Only visible with the overworld skybox type.

minecraft:visual/sun_angle
- The angle in degrees of the sun, clockwise from east to west, with 0 being directly up.
  - Value type: float, angle in degrees
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.
- Only visible with the overworld skybox type.

minecraft:visual/moon_angle
- The angle in degrees of the moon, clockwise from east to west, with 0 being directly up.
  - Value type: float, angle in degrees
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.
- Only visible with the overworld skybox type.

minecraft:visual/star_angle
- The angle in degrees of the stars, clockwise from east to west, with 0 being directly up.
  - Value type: float, angle in degrees
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.
- Only visible with the overworld skybox type.

minecraft:visual/moon_phase
- The phase of the moon.
  - Value type: string id, one of:
    - full_moon
    - waning_gibbous
    - third_quarter
    - waning_crescent
    - new_moon
    - waxing_crescent
    - first_quarter
    - waxing_gibbous
  - Default value: "full_moon"
  - Modifiers: override
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the camera's position.
- Only visible with the overworld skybox type.

minecraft:visual/star_brightness
- The brightness of the stars in the sky, where 0.5 is the normal brightness during the night and 0 is fully hidden.
  - Value type: float between 0 and 1
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.
- Only visible with the overworld skybox type.

minecraft:visual/sky_light_color
- The visual color of sky light. For blocks with a sky light level of 0 (or minecraft:visual/sky_light_factor is 0), this will have no effect. This is the value passed to the lightmap.fsh shader as SkyLightColor.
  - Value type: RGB Color
  - Default value: "#ffffff"
  - Modifiers: RGB Color Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.

minecraft:visual/sky_light_factor
- The visual brightness of sky light. minecraft:visual/sky_light_color is multiplied by this value. This is the value passed to the lightmap.fsh shader as SkyFactor.
- The corresponding gameplay effect is controlled entirely by minecraft:gameplay/sky_light_level.
  - Value type: float
  - Default value: 1.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the camera's position.

minecraft:audio/firefly_bush_sounds
- If true and not below an opaque block, firefly bushes will produce idle sounds.
  - Value type: boolean
  - Default value: false
  - Modifiers: Boolean Modifiers
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the position of a firefly bush.

minecraft:gameplay/sky_light_level
- The effective light level of the sky used by mechanics such as mob spawning or daylight detectors.
  - For example, a block fully exposed to the sky will be considered to have a light level of exactly this value, while a block deep in a cave will not be affected at all.
- The corresponding visual effect is controlled entirely by minecraft:visual/sky_light_factor.
  - Value type: float
  - Default value: 15.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved for a whole dimension (cannot be specified on a Biome)

minecraft:gameplay/eyeblossom_open
- If true, closed eyeblossoms will eventually open by random block ticks. If false, open eyeblossoms will do the opposite. If "default", open or Closed closed will remain in their current state.
  - Value type: one of:
    - true
    - false
    - "default"
  - Default value: "default"
  - Modifiers: override
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the eyeblossom block's position

minecraft:gameplay/turtle_egg_hatch_chance
- The chance that a turtle egg block will switch to its next hatching state when randomly ticked.
  - Value type: float between 0 and 1
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the turtle egg block's position.

minecraft:gameplay/creaking_active
- While true, creaking heart blocks (and their corresponding Creaking) will become active. On the other hand, when false, it will enter its dormant state.
  - Value type: boolean
  - Default value: false
  - Modifiers: Boolean Modifiers
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the creaking heart block's position.

minecraft:gameplay/surface_slime_spawn_chance
- An additional chance rolled when a natural slime spawn attempt occurs in a biome with the #allows_surface_slime_spawns tag.
  - Value type: float between 0 and 1
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the position of the slime spawn attempt.

minecraft:gameplay/cat_waking_up_gift_chance
- The chance that a cat lying on its owner's bed will drop a gift (from the gameplay/cat_morning_gift loot table) when the player wakes up.
  - Value type: float
  - Default value: 0.0
  - Modifiers: Float Modifiers
  - Interpolated: yes
  - Resolved at the cat's position.

minecraft:gameplay/bees_stay_in_hive
- When true, bees will try to navigate to their hives and will not exit unless the hive is broken or next to a fire.
  - Value type: boolean
  - Default value: false
  - Modifiers: Boolean Modifiers
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at a bee or bee hive block's position.

minecraft:gameplay/monsters_burn
- When true, monsters will burn while exposed to the sky.
  - Value type: boolean
  - Default value: false
  - Modifiers: Boolean Modifiers
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the monster's position.

minecraft:gameplay/can_pillager_patrol_spawn
- When true, pillager patrols are able to spawn.
  - Note: the global skylight level must also be greater than 11.
  - Value type: boolean
  - Default value: true
  - Modifiers: Boolean Modifiers
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the position of the patrol spawn attempt.
  - Replaces the #without_patrol_spawns biome tag.

minecraft:gameplay/villager_activity
- Controls the default AI activity for adult villagers.
- Not all activities are supported by villager AI - if an unsupported one is chosen, the Villager will do nothing. The following activities are supported:
  - core
  - hide
  - idle
  - meet
  - panic
  - pre_raid
  - raid
  - rest
  - work
  - Value type: Mob Activity
  - Default value: "minecraft:idle"
  - Modifiers: override
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the villager's position.

minecraft:gameplay/baby_villager_activity
- Controls the default AI activity for baby villagers.
- Not all activities are supported by villager AI - if an unsupported one is chosen, the villager will do nothing. The following activities are supported:
  - core
  - hide
  - idle
  - meet
  - panic
  - play
  - pre_raid
  - raid
  - rest
  - Value type: Mob Activity
  - Default value: "minecraft:idle"
  - Modifiers: override
  - Interpolated: no
  - Resolved at the villager's position.

Timelines

Are a new experimental concept defined in data packs under the timeline registry (i.e. found under data/<namespace>/timeline/<id>.json).
Specify game behavior based on the absolute day time (that which is set by /time set). Timelines optionally can specify a period over which they will be repeated.
Are able to modify game behavior or visuals by acting as an Environment Attribute source to apply Environment Attribute modifiers.
- Format: object with fields
  - period_ticks: optional integer, defines the duration in ticks over which the timeline will repeat.
    - If not specified, the timeline will not repeat
  - tracks: optional map between Environment Attribute IDs and a corresponding Environment Attribute Track object.
Timelines by default have no effect unless they are included by a dimension.
With the inclusion of Timelines, Environment Attribute sources are processed in the following order (from low to high priority):
- Dimensions
- Biomes
- Timelines
- Weather (not data-driven)
Interpolation
- Timelines can define Attribute Tracks
  - These specify how a modifier for a particular Environment Attribute changes over time by defining keyframes.
  - Depending on the attribute, interpolation may be used between each keyframe. If interpolation is not used, the previous keyframe value will always be selected.
- For example, a Timeline with a period of 24000 might be set up as following:
  - At time = 0, the timeline provides sky_color = #ff0000 (red)
  - At time = 1000, the timeline provides sky_color = #ff0000 (red)
  - At time = 6000, the timeline provides sky_color = #ff00ff (magenta)
- Between time = 0 and time = 1000, the sky color will be red. Between 1000 and 6000, it will shift from red to magenta. Then, from 6000 all the way until the timeline repeats and reaches time = 0 again, the color will slowly shift back to red.
- Unlike biomes, if a Timeline uses a modifier instead of an override, interpolation is applied to the modifier arguments rather than the final modified values.
Attribute Tracks
- An Attribute Track specified within a Timeline takes the format of an object with the following fields:
  - ease - optional Easing Type (see below), used to ease the interpolaton of the value between keyframes.
    - Default: linear
      - If the target attribute does not support interpolation, the easing mode will have no effect.
  - keyframes - list of keyframe objects, must be ordered by the ticks field:
    - ticks - integer between 0 and period_ticks (if specified), defines the tick (within the period) at which this keyframe's value will be active.
    - value - the modifier argument (format dependent on the chosen modifier).
      - If no modifier is specified (or override is used), the type of this field is the same as the Environment Attribute itself.
      - How this value is used depends on the type of modifier.
        Note: at most two keyframes can be placed on the same tick, creating an immediate transition.
  - modifier - optional string modifier ID, dependent on the Attribute Type (see the Common Modifiers section below).
    - Default: override
- For example, the following Timeline has a period of 24000, and has an attribute track that modifies only minecraft:gameplay/cat_waking_up_gift_chance. Because the easing is constant, between tick 362 and 23667 the value is 0.0, while between tick 23667 and 362 it is 0.7.
- Like other Environment Attribute sources, the specified value is used as the argument to the specified modifier. This is then applied on top of sources with a lower priority. In this case the modifier is maximum, so this timeline will only ever increase the value of cat_waking_up_gift_chance to the value specified in the track.

{
    "period_ticks": 24000,
    "tracks": {
        "minecraft:gameplay/cat_waking_up_gift_chance": {
            "ease": "constant",
            "modifier": "maximum",
            "keyframes": [
                { "ticks": 362,   "value": 0.0 },
                { "ticks": 23667, "value": 0.7 }
            ]
        }
    }
}

Easing Types
- Easing Types control the interpolation between two keyframes by applying a curve. The following built-in Easing Types are provided:
  - constant - always selects the previous keyframe
  - linear
  - in_back
  - in_bounce
  - in_circ
  - in_cubic
  - in_elastic
  - in_expo
  - in_quad
  - in_quart
  - in_quint
  - in_sine
  - in_out_back
  - in_out_bounce
  - in_out_circ
  - in_out_cubic
  - in_out_elastic
  - in_out_expo
  - in_out_quad
  - in_out_quart
  - in_out_quint
  - in_out_sine
  - out_back
  - out_bounce
  - out_circ
  - out_cubic
  - out_elastic
  - out_expo
  - out_quad
  - out_quart
  - out_quint
  - out_sine
- An Easing Type may also be specified with a Cubic Bézier in the format: { "cubic_bezier": [ x1, y1, x2, y2 ] }
  - x1: float between 0 and 1, x-coordinate of the first control point.
  - y1: float, y-coordinate of the first control point.
  - x2: float between 0 and 1, x-coordinate of the second control point.
  - y2: float, y-coordinate of the second control point.

Common Data Types
- Mob Activity
  - A string ID from the minecraft:activity built-in registry. One of:
    - minecraft:core
    - minecraft:idle
    - minecraft:work
    - minecraft:play
    - minecraft:rest
    - minecraft:meet
    - minecraft:panic
    - minecraft:raid
    - minecraft:pre_raid
    - minecraft:hide
    - minecraft:fight
    - minecraft:celebrate
    - minecraft:admire_item
    - minecraft:avoid
    - minecraft:ride
    - minecraft:play_dead
    - minecraft:long_jump
    - minecraft:ram
    - minecraft:tongue
    - minecraft:swim
    - minecraft:lay_spawn
    - minecraft:sniff
    - minecraft:investigate
    - minecraft:roar
    - minecraft:emerge
    - minecraft:dig

Modifiers
- Added blend_to_gray RGB/ARGB modifier - modifies a color by taking its grayscale form, applying a brightness modifier, and mixing with this using some factor.
  - Where gray = brightness * (0.3 * red + 0.59 * green + 0.11 * blue), result = lerp(factor, subject, [gray, gray, gray])
    - Argument format: object with fields
    - brightness: float between 0 and 1, a multiplier to apply to the grayscale value.
    - factor: float between 0 and 1, the factor to mix with.

Tags

Biome Tags
- Added #spawns_coral_variant_zombie_nautilus
  - Contains the biomes where the coral variant of the zombie nautilus can spawn.

Timeline Tags
- Added #universal
  - Contains timelines that are active in every dimension.
- Added #in_overworld
  - Contains timelines that are active in the Overworld.
- Added #in_nether
  - Contains timelines that are active in the Nether.
- Added #in_end
  - Contains timelines that are active in the End.

Changes

Mobs

Camel husk

Drops 2-3 rotten flesh when killed, with extra 0-1 for each level of Looting.

Zombie horse, camel husk, and nautilus

Now become persistent with any interaction from a player, not just riding them.

Items

Spear

The margin hitbox from all spears have been changed from 0.25 to 0.125.^[2]

General

Advancement trigger

Added new spear_mobs trigger with fields:
- player: optional entity predicate, the player using the kinetic weapon.
- count: optional integer, the number of mobs hit in a single use of the kinetic weapon.

Data pack

The pack format version is now 93.0.

Data component format

minecraft:piercing_weapon and minecraft:kinetic_weapon data components now have bounds on their reach parameters:
- min_reach: is now valid from 0.0 to 128.0
- max_reach: is now valid from 0.0 to 128.0
- hitbox_margin: is now valid from 0.0 to 1.0

Dimension types

Added a new optional timelines field that specifies which Timelines are active in this dimension.
- Format: a Timeline ID, a list of Timeline IDs, or a Timeline Tag.
The natural field has been fully replaced by the minecraft:gameplay/eyeblossom_open and minecraft:gameplay/creaking_active environment attributes.
The effects field has been removed and replaced with the following new fields:
- skybox - the skybox rendering type to use, one of:
  - none (was minecraft:nether effect ID)
  - overworld (was minecraft:overworld effect ID)
    - Following environment attributes are applied only when the skybox is overworld:
      - minecraft:visual/sky_color, minecraft:visual/sun_angle,minecraft:visual/sunrise_sunset_color, minecraft:visual/moon_phase, minecraft:visual/moon_angle, minecraft:visual/star_angle, minecraft:visual/star_brightness
  - end (was minecraft:end effect ID)
  - Default: overworld
- cardinal_light - the direction of cardinal lighting that affects blocks, one of:
  - default (was minecraft:overworld and minecraft:end effect ID).
  - nether (was minecraft:nether effect ID).
  - Default: default
The fixed_time field has been replaced by a has_fixed_time boolean (default: false)
- Time-based effects such as the angle of the sun are now specified instead by environment attributes.
- However, the remainder of behaviors formerly affected by fixed_time being present will now instead use the has_fixed_time boolean.

Game rules

The limit for the maxEntityCramming game rule has been changed to a minimum of 0.

Mob variant definitions

Zombie Nautilus Variants
- Zombie Nautilus variants can be data-driven by adding entries to data/<namespace>/zombie_nautilus_variant/<id>.json
  - This feature is experimental.
  - Fields in file:
    - model - one of: normal, warm
    - asset_id - namespaced id for this variant asset, resolves to assets/<namespace>/textures/<path>.png
    - spawn_conditions - a uniform variant selection rule.
- Spawn conditions
  - minecraft:biome
    - Checks if entity is spawning in specific biomes.
    - Fields:
      - biomes - single entry, list or a tag describing biomes.
  - minecraft:moon_brightness
    - Checks if current moon brightness is within certain range.
    - Fields:
      - range - floating point range (a single number or an object like {"min": 1, "max": 2})
  - minecraft:structures
    - Checks if entity is spawning in specific structures.
    - Fields:
      - structures - single entry, list or a tag describing structures.

Panorama

Updated the panorama to resemble Mounts of Mayhem.

Resource pack

The version is now 73.0.

Tags

Biome Tags
- Removed #without_patrol_spawns - replaced by gameplay/can_pillager_patrol_spawn environment attributes.

Texture atlas

Item textures were split out of the blocks atlas into a separate new items atlas that does not have mipmaps.
- All textures used in an item model have to come from the same (items or blocks) atlas.
- All textures used in a block model have to come from the blocks atlas.

Fixes

45 issues fixed

MC-199467 – Certain entity animations stop after they've existed in world for too long.
MC-245895 – View Bobbing stops working after long elytra flight.
MC-269295 – Jump bar progress renders unused pixels from dynamic texture atlas.
MC-271729 – Armadillo scute drops are not affected by the mob_drops game rule.
MC-271938 – Mace smash attack can push players in creative mode that are flying.
MC-301424 – entity_data item component detection is broken in resource packs.
MC-302184 – Copper golems in cave/void air never turn into statues.
MC-302469 – Creepers at the player's exact position with an explosion radius of 0 set the player's velocity to NaN.
MC-302477 – Loot tables stopped supporting SNBT as entity data.
MC-302659 – Items such as grass blocks and cacti have incorrect textures in inventories when mipmap levels are enabled.
MC-302663 – Any form of attacking non-player entities always produces the “weak attack” sound instead of the appropriate sound.
MC-302703 – Spear can dismount invulnerable, non-living, and otherwise inanimate passengers from any vehicle.
MC-302887 – Spear charging animation in first person isn’t perfectly mirrored between the main hand and off hand.
MC-302911 – If the sun texture cannot be loaded, the moon texture is reused instead.
MC-303067 – Players can charge with the spear and deal damage while dying.
MC-303108 – Inventory items are now mipmapped, making them look very blurry.
MC-303109 – Tick freeze and memory spikes with long piercing_weapon ray reach.
MC-303226 – Music doesn't restart after exiting a pale garden.
MC-303292 – Cloud movement is jittery when the world's gametime value is large.
MC-303402 – Hover events on text posted in the chat take effect even when in a GUI.
MC-303405 – You can attack entities diagonally through solid blocks using spears.
MC-303413 – Scrolling text does not get clipped properly in UI elements.
MC-303427 – The lunge enchantment doesn’t work in creative mode if you have 6 or less hunger points.
MC-303510 – Dropping a spear while charging slows down the player.
MC-303554 – minecraft:piercing_weapon component causes attack cooldown damage penalty to be ignored.
MC-303654 – Closed captions of parched show as strays.
MC-303656 – Placing blocks in empty chunk sections inside loaded chunks shows the chunk fade animation.
MC-303658 – Block textures are blurry on some systems, depending on mipmap and anisotropic filtering settings.
MC-303659 – Elements within the language menu are not selected in order when using the TAB key.
MC-303671 – Camel husks can despawn when wearing a saddle.
MC-303674 – The hand animation plays when right clicking on a camel husk or zombie horse ridden by another mob with a lead.
MC-303677 – Camel husks can despawn when attached to a lead.
MC-303680 – Untamed zombie horses can despawn when attached to a lead.
MC-303681 – Untamed zombie nautiluses can despawn when attached to a lead.
MC-303703 – Entities and block entities are not affected by the chunk fade-in effect.
MC-303704 – Statistics are no longer saved if the folder they would save into doesn't exist yet.
MC-303705 – Entity cramming can no longer be disabled.
MC-303714 – The jump bar's progress sprite is improperly scaled.
MC-303727 – Short effect names can cause the effect duration to appear outside the effect box.
MC-303734 – deprecated.json renames translation keys to nonexistent keys.
MC-303744 – Ender pearls can launch players in the direction they are thrown.
MC-303746 – Spear attacks can hurt entities through doors.
MC-303799 – There is no 'Search...' text in the search field in the world selection screen.
MC-303802 – Spamming right click and shift when getting into boat gives a speed boost.
MC-303891 – Untamed zombie horses and skeleton horses cannot have saddles placed on their saddle slot using /item.

Trivia

This is the first snapshot to have an experimental snapshot without obfuscation.

Video

Video made by Slicedlime:

Notes

↑ Unzip this file in the .minecraft\versions folder to install the .json for the unobfuscated client.

References

↑ "Minecraft Snapshot 25w45a" – Minecraft.net, November 4, 2025.
↑ "hitbox_margin": 0.25,
"hitbox_margin": 0.125,

Navigation

[1] Unzip this file in the .minecraft\versions folder to install the .json for the unobfuscated client.

[2] "Minecraft Snapshot 25w45a" – Minecraft.net, November 4, 2025.

[3] "hitbox_margin": 0.25,
"hitbox_margin": 0.125,

[note 1]

[1]

[2]