Ranged attack

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A ranged attack is a type of attack that mobs and players use to cause damage to a target from a distance.

Projectile damage

The projectiles used as ammo by bows and crossbows, as well as the thrown trident projectile, have varying damage depending on the user and their velocity. The projectiles exclusive to mobs vary in damage depending on difficulty.

Players

The damage of ranged weapons is different when used by players compared to when they're used by mobs.

Bow
Charge time	Enchantment	Projectile damage
0.1 s (no charge)	Unenchanted	1HP
	Power I	2HP
	Power II	2HP
	Power III	2HP
	Power IV	3HP
	Power V	3HP
0.2 s - 0.8 s (medium charge)	Unenchanted	5HP
	Power I	8HP
	Power II	9HP
	Power III	10HP
	Power IV	12HP × 6
	Power V	13HP × 6.5
0.9 s (full charge)	Unenchanted	6HP
	Power I	9HP
	Power II	11HP × 5.5
	Power III	12HP × 6
	Power IV	14HP × 7
	Power V	15HP × 7.5
1 s (critical charge)	Unenchanted	6HP to 11HP × 5.5
	Power I	9HP to 16HP × 8
	Power II	11HP × 5.5 to 19HP × 9.5
	Power III	12HP × 6 to 20HP × 10
	Power IV	14HP × 7 to 23HP × 11.5
	Power V	15HP × 7.5 to 25HP × 12.5

Crossbow
Arrow
Java Edition
7HP to 11HP × 5.5
Bedrock Edition
9HP
Firework Rocket
Firework stars	Projectile damage	Enchantment	Charge time	Damage/second (DPS)
1	5HP to 6HP	No enchantment	1.25 s	3.75 to 4.5
		Quick Charge I	1 s	5 to 6
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	6.25 to 7.5
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	7.5 to 9
2	6HP to 8HP	No enchantment	1.25 s	4.5 to 6
		Quick Charge I	1 s	6 to 8
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	7.5 to 10
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	9 to 12
3	7HP to 10HP	No enchantment	1.25 s	5.25 to 7.5
		Quick Charge I	1 s	7 to 10
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	8.75 to 12.5
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	10.5 to 15
4	8HP to 12HP × 6	No enchantment	1.25 s	6 to 9
		Quick Charge I	1 s	8 to 12
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	10 to 15
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	12 to 18
5	9HP to 14HP × 7	No enchantment	1.25 s	6.75 to 10.5
		Quick Charge I	1 s	9 to 14
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	11.25 to 17.5
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	13.5 to 21
6	10HP to 16HP × 8	No enchantment	1.25 s	7.5 to 12
		Quick Charge I	1 s	10 to 16
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	12.5 to 20
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	15 to 24
7	11HP × 5.5 to 18HP × 9	No enchantment	1.25 s	8.25 to 13.5
		Quick Charge I	1 s	11 to 18
		Quick Charge II	0.75 s	13.75 to 22.5
		Quick Charge III	0.5 s	16.5 to 27

Trident
Projectile damage
8HP

Mobs

When used by mobs, ranged weapons have set damage according to the mob type. Additionally, certain mobs have ranged attacks that are not replicable by player-obtained weapons.

Mob	Difficulty			Status effect(s)
Mob	Easy	Normal	Hard	Status effect(s)
Blaze fireball	5HP + fire for 5 seconds			No
Bogged arrow‌^{[JE only]}	2HP to 4HP	3HP to 5HP	4HP to 8HP	Normally: Poison for 4 seconds If holding a tipped arrow or a spectral arrow in its off-hand: The effect of the arrow
Bogged arrow‌^{[BE only]}	1HP to 4HP		1HP to 5HP	Poison for 4 seconds
Breeze wind charge	1HP		1.5HP × 0.75	No
Drowned trident (ranged)‌^{[JE only]}	5HP	8HP	12HP × 6	No
Drowned trident (ranged)‌^{[BE only]}	8HP			No
Elder Guardian (laser)	5HP	8HP	12HP × 6	YesMining Fatigue III for 5 minutes on nearby players
Ender Dragon (breath)	3HP per second			Area effect cloud of Instant Damage
Ender Dragon Dragon Fireball	6HP per second			Area effect cloud of Instant Damage
Evoker fangs‌^{[JE only]}	4HP	6HP	9HP	No
Evoker fangs‌^{[BE only]}	6HP			No
Ghast fireball (impact)	4HP	6HP	9HP	No
Ghast fireball (explosion)	9.5HP × 4.75	17HP × 8.5	25.5HP × 12.75	No
Guardian (laser)	4HP	6HP	9HP	No
Illusioner arrow‌^{[JE only]}	2HP to 5HP		3HP to 5HP	Casts Blindness spells on the player, if regional difficulty is 2 or greater
Llama spit	1HP		1.5HP × 0.75	No
Piglin arrow‌^{[JE only]}	2HP to 5HP		3HP to 5HP	No
Piglin arrow‌^{[BE only]}	2HP to 4HP		2HP to 5HP	No
Pillager arrow	2HP to 3HP	3HP to 5HP	5HP to 7HP	No
Shulker bullet	3HP	4HP	6HP	Levitation for 10 seconds
Skeleton arrow‌^{[JE only]}	2HP to 4HP	3HP to 5HP	4HP to 8HP	Normally: No If holding a tipped arrow or a spectral arrow in its off-hand: The effect of the arrow
Skeleton arrow‌^{[BE only]}	1HP to 4HP, varies with proximity		1HP to 5HP, varies with proximity	No
Snow Golem snowball	3HP to blazes			No
Stray arrow‌^{[JE only]}	3HP to 5HP			Normally: Slowness for 30 seconds when their tipped arrow hits any mob (including another stray) If holding a tipped arrow or a spectral arrow in its off-hand: The effect of the arrow
Stray arrow‌^{[BE only]}	1HP to 4HP, varies with proximity		1HP to 5HP, varies with proximity	Slowness for 30 seconds when their tipped arrow hits any mob (including another stray)
Trader Llama spit	1HP		1.5HP × 0.75	No
Villager's firework rocket	5HP	8HP	12HP × 6	No
Warden (ranged)	6HP	10HP	15HP × 7.5	No
Witch	Deals damage by throwing potions			Throws splash potions of Poison, Instant Damage, Slowness, and Weakness
Wither Skeleton arrow‌^{[JE only]}	2HP to 4HP + fire for 5 seconds	3HP to 5HP + fire for 5 seconds	4HP to 8HP + fire for 5 seconds	Normally: No If holding a tipped arrow or a spectral arrow in its off-hand: The effect of the arrow
Wither Skull (impact)	5HP	8HP	12HP × 6	Wither II for 10 seconds on Normal difficulty and 40 seconds on Hard difficulty
Wither Skull (explosion)	5HP			No

Charge time

Charge time represents the time it takes to charge a ranged weapon before firing it.

Players

The charge time of player-initiated ranged attacks is dependent on the ranged weapon they're using. Due to a server-client desync bug, ranged weapons can occasionally be fired 1 tick earlier than their programmed charge times.

Ranged weapon	Charge time
Bow	0.1 s (no charge)
	0.2–0.8 s (medium charge)
	0.9 s (full charge)
	1 s (critical charge)

Ranged weapon	Charge time	Enchantment
Crossbow	1.25 s	None
	1 s	Quick Charge I
	0.75 s	Quick Charge II
	0.5 s	Quick Charge III

Ranged weapon	Charge time
Trident	0.5 s

Ranged weapon	Charge time
Snowball Egg Wind charge Splash potion Lingering potion	0 s

Mobs

Different mobs have different firing speeds for their ranged attacks. Certain mobs like skeletons have their firing rate dictated by the world difficulty, firing once every 3 seconds on Easy and Normal and once every 2 seconds on Hard.

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Inaccuracy

Ranged attacks have innate inaccuracy values, which dictate the randomness of projectile trajectory. This value affects both players and mobs.

Players

Player ranged attacks using bows and crossbows have a default inaccuracy value of 1 (0.25 in the Java Edition Combat Tests).

Mobs

Certain mobs are affected by the inaccuracy value. Skeletons specifically have their inaccuracy value affected by the world difficulty, with a value of 10 on Easy, 6 on Normal, and 2 on Hard.

This section needs expansion.

You can help by expanding it.

Sounds

Bow

Java Edition

Sounds
Sound	Subtitles	Source	Description	Resource location	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Arrow hits	Friendly Mobs	When an arrow impacts something	`entity.arrow.hit`	`subtitles.entity.arrow.hit`	1.0	¹²⁄₁₁-⁴⁄₃	16
	Arrow fired	Players	When a bow shoots an arrow	`entity.arrow.shoot`	`subtitles.entity.arrow.shoot`	1.0	⁴⁄₃-1.125 ^{[sound 1]}	16
	Player hit	Players	When an arrow shot by a player hits another player	`entity.arrow.hit_player`	`subtitles.entity.arrow.hit_player`	0.18	0.45	16
	Item breaks	Players	When a bow's durability is exhausted	`entity.item.break`	`subtitles.entity.item.break`	0.8	0.8-1.2	16

↑ Depends on how long the bow has been charging. uncharged bows give ⁵⁄₆-0.625

Bedrock Edition:

Sounds
Sound	Source	Description	Resource location	Volume	Pitch
	Players	When an arrow impacts something	`random.bowhit`	1.0	1.09-1.3
	Players	When a bow shoots an arrow	`random.bow`	1.0	0.83-1.25
	Players	When a bow's durability is exhausted	`random.break`	1.0	0.9

Crossbow

Java Edition:

Sounds
Sound	Subtitles	Source	Description	Resource location	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Crossbow charges up	Players	When a crossbow starts to load	`item.crossbow.loading_start`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.charge`	0.15	1.0	16
	Crossbow charges up	Players	When a Quick Charge I crossbow starts to load ^{[sound 1]}	`item.crossbow.quick_charge_1`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.charge`	varies ^{[sound 2]}	varies ^{[sound 3]}	16
	Crossbow charges up	Players	When a Quick Charge II crossbow starts to load ^{[sound 4]}	`item.crossbow.quick_charge_2`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.charge`	varies ^{[sound 6]}	varies ^{[sound 5]}	16
	Crossbow charges up	Players	When a Quick Charge III crossbow starts to load ^{[sound 4]}	`item.crossbow.quick_charge_3`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.charge`	varies ^{[sound 5]}	varies ^{[sound 6]}	16
	Crossbow charges up^{[sound 7]}	Players	While a crossbow is loading ^{[sound 8]}	`item.crossbow.loading_middle`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.charge`	0.325	varies ^{[sound 9]}	16
	Crossbow loads	Entity-Dependent	When a crossbow stops loading	`item.crossbow.loading_end`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.load`	1.0	¹³⁄₁₅-1.2	16
	Crossbow fires	Entity-Dependent	When a crossbow fires	`item.crossbow.shoot`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.shoot`	0.8/0.9/0.9	1.0/1.0/0.9 ^{[sound 10]}	16
	Arrow hits	Friendly Mobs	When an arrow hits a block or entity	`item.crossbow.hit`	`subtitles.item.crossbow.hit`	1.0	¹²⁄₁₁-⁴⁄₃	16
	Player hit	Players	When an arrow shot by a player hits another player	`entity.arrow.hit_player`	`subtitles.entity.arrow.hit_player`	0.18	0.45	16
	Firework launches	Ambient/Environment	When a crossbow fires a firework rocket	`entity.firework_rocket.launch`	`subtitles.entity.firework_rocket.launch`	3.0	1.0	16
	Item breaks	Entity-Dependent	When a crossbow's durability is exhausted	`entity.item.break`	`subtitles.entity.item.break`	0.8	0.8-1.2	16

↑ quick1_3 occurs at half the frequency as the other sounds
↑ 0.325 for all except quick1_1 (pitch=0.9), which is 0.25
↑ quick1_1 can be 1.0 or 0.9; quick1_2 can be 1.0 or 0.95; quick1_3 can be 1.0
↑ ^a ^b _1 occurs at ²⁄₃ the frequency as the other sounds
↑ ^a ^b 0.325 for all except _1 (pitch=0.95), which is 0.25
↑ ^a ^b _1 can be 1.0 or 0.95; _2 can be 1.0, 0.95, or 1.05; _3 can be 1.0, 0.9, or 1.05
↑ MC-203146
↑ loading_middle4 occurs at ¹⁄₄ the frequency as the other sounds
↑ loading_middle1 can be 1.0, 0.95, or 1.2; loading_middle2 and loading_middle3 can be 1.0, 0.9, or 1.05; loading_middle4 can be 1.0
↑ Multiplied by the loading percentage of the crossbow

Bedrock Edition:

Sounds
Sound	Source	Description	Resource location	Volume	Pitch
	Players	When a crossbow starts to load	`crossbow.loading.start`	1.0	1.0
	Players	While a crossbow is loading and when a crossbow stops loading	`crossbow.loading.middle`	1.0	1.0
	Players	Unused sound event	`crossbow.loading.end`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a crossbow with Quick Charge starts to load	`crossbow.quick_charge.start`	1.0	1.0
	Players	While a crossbow with Quick Charge is loading	`crossbow.quick_charge.middle`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a crossbow with Quick Charge stops loading	`crossbow.quick_charge.end`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a crossbow fires	`crossbow.shoot`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When an arrow hits a block or entity	`random.bowhit`	1.0	1.09-1.3
	Ambient/Environment	When a crossbow fires a firework rocket	`firework.launch`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a crossbow's durability is exhausted	`random.break`	1.0	0.9

Trident

Java Edition:
Thrown tridents use the Friendly Creatures sound category for entity-dependent sound events.

Sounds
Sound	Subtitles	Source	Description	Resource location	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Trident stabs	Friendly Mobs	When a trident hits a mob	`item.trident.hit`	`subtitles.item.trident.hit`	1.0	1.0	16
	Trident vibrates	Friendly Mobs	When a trident hits the ground	`item.trident.hit_ground`	`subtitles.item.trident.hit_ground`	0.9	¹²⁄₁₁-⁴⁄₃	16
	Trident clangs	Players	When a player throws a trident	`item.trident.throw`	`subtitles.item.trident.throw`	1.0	1.0	16
	Trident thunder cracks	Friendly Mobs	When a Channeling trident hits a mob	`item.trident.thunder`	`subtitles.item.trident.thunder`	5.0	1.0	16
	Trident thunder cracks	Weather	When a trident with Channeling strikes a lightning rod	`item.trident.thunder`	`subtitles.item.trident.thunder`	5.0	1.0	16
	Trident zooms	Players	When a Riptide I trident is used	`item.trident.riptide_1`	`subtitles.item.trident.riptide`	1.0	1.0	16
	Trident zooms	Players	When a Riptide II trident is used	`item.trident.riptide_2`	`subtitles.item.trident.riptide`	1.0	1.0	16
	Trident zooms	Players	When a Riptide III or higher trident is used	`item.trident.riptide_3`	`subtitles.item.trident.riptide`	1.0	1.0	16
	Trident returns	Friendly Mobs	When a trident starts returning ^{[sound 1]}	`item.trident.return`	`subtitles.item.trident.return`	8.0	varies ^{[sound 2]}	16
	Drowned throws Trident	Hostile Mobs	When a drowned throws a trident	`entity.drowned.shoot`	`subtitles.entity.drowned.shoot`	1.0	⁵⁄₆-1.25	16
	Item breaks	Players	When a trident's durability is exhausted	`entity.item.break`	`subtitles.entity.item.break`	0.8	0.8-1.2	16

↑ The first sound is only played ¹⁄₉ of the time, while the others are played ⁴⁄₉ of the time
↑ 1.0 for return1, 1.0/0.8/1.2/1.2 for return2, and 1.0/0.8/0.8/1.2 for return3

Bedrock Edition:

Sounds
Sound	Source	Description	Resource location	Volume	Pitch
	Players	When a trident hits a mob	`item.trident.hit`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a trident hits the ground	`item.trident.hit_ground`	0.9	1.0
	Players	When a player throws a trident	`item.trident.throw`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a trident with Channeling strikes a mob^{[sound 1]}	`item.trident.thunder`	1.0^{[sound 2]}	1.0
	Players	When a Riptide I trident is used	`item.trident.riptide_1`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a Riptide II trident is used	`item.trident.riptide_2`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a Riptide III trident is used	`item.trident.riptide_3`	1.0	1.0
	Players	When a trident starts returning^{[sound 3]}	`item.trident.return`	8.0	varies ^{[sound 4]}
	Hostile Mobs	When a drowned shoots a trident	`mob.drowned.shoot`	1.0	0.8-1.2

↑ MCPE-173931 — Tridents don't make channeling sounds when striking a lightning rod
↑ MCPE-178265 — Trident thunder sound definition schema error
↑ The first sound is only played ¹⁄₉ of the time, while the others are played ⁴⁄₉ of the time
↑ 1.0 for return1, 1.0/0.8/1.2/1.2 for return2, and 1.0/0.8/0.8/1.2 for return3

Wind charge

Java Edition

Sounds
Sound	Subtitles	Source	Description	Resource location	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Wind Charge flies	Friendly Mobs	When a wind charge is thrown by a player	`entity.wind_charge.throw`	`subtitles.entity.wind_charge.throw`	0.5	¹⁄₃-0.5	16
	Wind Charge flies	Blocks	When a dispenser dispenses a wind charge	`entity.wind_charge.throw`	`subtitles.entity.wind_charge.throw`	0.5	¹⁄₃-0.5	16
	Wind Charge bursts	Blocks	When a wind charge shot by a player or dispenser strikes something	`entity.wind_charge.wind_burst`	`subtitles.entity.generic.wind_burst`	4.0	0.7-1.05	8
	Wind Charge bursts	Blocks	When a wind charge shot by a breeze strikes something	`entity.breeze.wind_burst`	`subtitles.entity.breeze.wind_burst`	4.0	0.672-1.008	16

Bedrock Edition:

Sounds
Sound	Source	Description	Resource location	Volume	Pitch
	Players	When a player throws a wind charge	`random.bow`	0.5	0.33-0.5
	Players	When a wind charge shot by a player or dispenser strikes something	`wind_charge.burst`	1.0	1.0
	Hostile Mobs	When a wind charge shot by a breeze strikes something	`breeze_wind_charge.burst`	1.0	1.2

Other

Java Edition:
Thrown snowballs use the Friendly Creatures sound category for entity-dependent sound events.

Sounds
Sound	Subtitles	Source	Description	Resource location	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Snowball flies	Friendly Mobs	When a player throws a snowball	`entity.snowball.throw`	`subtitles.entity.snowball.throw`	0.5	¹⁄₃-0.5	16
	Snowball flies	Friendly Mobs	When a snow golem shoots a snowball	`entity.snow_golem.shoot`	`subtitles.entity.snowball.throw`	1.0	¹⁄₃-0.5	16
	Dispensed item	Blocks	When a dispenser shoots a snowball	`block.dispenser.launch`	`subtitles.block.dispenser.dispense`	1.0	1.2	16

Bedrock Edition:

Sounds
Sound	Source	Description	Resource location	Volume	Pitch
	Players	When a player throws a snowball	`random.bow`	0.5	0.33-0.5
	Friendly Mobs	When a snow golem shoots a snowball	`mob.snowgolem.shoot`	1.0	0.8-1.2
	Players	When a dispenser shoots a snowball	`random.bow`	1.0	0.83-1.25

History

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Issues

Issues relating to "Ranged attack" are maintained on the bug tracker. Issues should be reported and viewed there.

Navigation

[1] Depends on how long the bow has been charging. uncharged bows give ⁵⁄₆-0.625

[2] quick1_3 occurs at half the frequency as the other sounds

[3] 0.325 for all except quick1_1 (pitch=0.9), which is 0.25

[4] quick1_1 can be 1.0 or 0.9; quick1_2 can be 1.0 or 0.95; quick1_3 can be 1.0

[quickchargefrequency-5] _1 occurs at ²⁄₃ the frequency as the other sounds

[quickchargevolume-6] 0.325 for all except _1 (pitch=0.95), which is 0.25

[quickchargepitch-7] _1 can be 1.0 or 0.95; _2 can be 1.0, 0.95, or 1.05; _3 can be 1.0, 0.9, or 1.05

[8] MC-203146

[9] loading_middle4 occurs at ¹⁄₄ the frequency as the other sounds

[10] loading_middle1 can be 1.0, 0.95, or 1.2; loading_middle2 and loading_middle3 can be 1.0, 0.9, or 1.05; loading_middle4 can be 1.0

[11] Multiplied by the loading percentage of the crossbow

[12] The first sound is only played ¹⁄₉ of the time, while the others are played ⁴⁄₉ of the time

[13] 1.0 for return1, 1.0/0.8/1.2/1.2 for return2, and 1.0/0.8/0.8/1.2 for return3

[14] MCPE-173931 — Tridents don't make channeling sounds when striking a lightning rod

[15] MCPE-178265 — Trident thunder sound definition schema error

[16] The first sound is only played ¹⁄₉ of the time, while the others are played ⁴⁄₉ of the time

[17] 1.0 for return1, 1.0/0.8/1.2/1.2 for return2, and 1.0/0.8/0.8/1.2 for return3

[sound 1]

[sound 1]

[sound 2]

[sound 3]

[sound 4]

[sound 6]

[sound 5]

[sound 7]

[sound 8]

[sound 9]

[sound 10]

[sound 1]

[sound 2]

[sound 1]

[sound 2]

[sound 3]

[sound 4]

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