Old Church Slavonic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *slyšati, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-.
Verb
слꙑшати • (slyšati) impf or pf
- (ambitransitive) to hear
- from Vita Methodii, 0500500-0500600:
слꙑшиши ли, философе, рѣчь сию? инъ сего да не можетъ сътворити развѣ тебе.- slyšiši li, filosofe, rěčĭ siju? inŭ sego da ne možetŭ sŭtvoriti razvě tebe.
- Do you hear this matter, Philosopher? None other than you can do this.
1581, Ostrog Bible, Exo 6.12:[…] а҆ще приложи́мъ м̂ы слы́шати глс̑҇а г҃а б҃а на́шего, к семꙋ̀ да и҆з꙽мрем̑·- […] if we hear the voice of the LORD our God any more, then we shall die.
Conjugation
Conjugation of слꙑшати (class II3, ambitransitive)
| infinitive
|
supine
|
verbal noun
|
слꙑшати
slyšati
|
слꙑшатъ
slyšatŭ
|
слꙑшаньѥ
slyšanĭje
|
| participles1
|
present
|
past
|
|
| active
|
слꙑшѧ
slyšę
|
слꙑшавъ
slyšavŭ
|
| passive
|
слꙑшимъ
slyšimŭ
|
слꙑшанъ
slyšanŭ
|
|
|
| l-participle
|
masculine
|
neuter
|
feminine
|
| singular
|
слꙑшалъ
slyšalŭ
|
слꙑшало
slyšalo
|
слꙑшала
slyšala
|
| dual
|
слꙑшала
slyšala
|
слꙑшалѣ
slyšalě
|
слꙑшалѣ
slyšalě
|
| plural
|
слꙑшали
slyšali
|
слꙑшала
slyšala
|
слꙑшалꙑ
slyšaly
|
|
|
present
|
imperfect
|
imperative
|
| singular
|
1st
|
слꙑшѫ
slyšǫ
|
слꙑшаахъ
slyšaaxŭ
|
—
|
| 2nd
|
слꙑшиши
slyšiši
|
слꙑшааше
slyšaaše
|
слꙑши
slyši
|
| 3rd
|
слꙑшитъ
slyšitŭ
|
слꙑшааше
slyšaaše
|
слꙑши
slyši
|
| dual
|
1st
|
слꙑшивѣ
slyšivě
|
слꙑшааховѣ
slyšaaxově
|
слꙑшивѣ
slyšivě
|
| 2nd
|
слꙑшита
slyšita
|
слꙑшаашета
slyšaašeta
|
слꙑшита
slyšita
|
| 3rd
|
слꙑшите, слꙑшита
slyšite, slyšita
|
слꙑшаашете, слꙑшаашета
slyšaašete, slyšaašeta
|
—
|
| plural
|
1st
|
слꙑшимъ
slyšimŭ
|
слꙑшаахомъ
slyšaaxomŭ
|
слꙑшимъ
slyšimŭ
|
| 2nd
|
слꙑшите
slyšite
|
слꙑшаашете
slyšaašete
|
слꙑшите
slyšite
|
| 3rd
|
слꙑшѧтъ
slyšętŭ
|
слꙑшаахѫ
slyšaaxǫ
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
s-aorist5
|
|
| singular
|
1st
|
слꙑшахъ
slyšaxŭ
|
| 2nd
|
слꙑша
slyša
|
| 3rd
|
слꙑша
slyša
|
| dual
|
1st
|
слꙑшаховѣ
slyšaxově
|
| 2nd
|
слꙑшаста
slyšasta
|
| 3rd
|
слꙑшасте, слꙑшаста
slyšaste, slyšasta
|
| plural
|
1st
|
слꙑшахомъ
slyšaxomŭ
|
| 2nd
|
слꙑшасте
slyšaste
|
| 3rd
|
слꙑшашѧ
slyšašę
|
| compound tenses
|
| perfect2
|
Use the l-participle of слꙑшати and the present tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти
e.g. first-person masculine singular → слꙑшалъ ѥсмь
|
| pluperfect2
|
Use the l-participle of слꙑшати and the imperfective aorist or imperfect tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти
e.g. first-person masculine singular → слꙑшалъ бѣхъ or слꙑшалъ бѣахъ
|
| future
|
Use the infinitive of слꙑшати and the present tense of the auxiliary verb имѣти, хотѣти, начѧти or въчѧти
e.g. first-person singular → имамь слꙑшати, хощѫ слꙑшати, начьнѫ слꙑшати or въчьнѫ слꙑшати
|
| future perfect2, 3
|
Use the l-participle of слꙑшати and the future tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти
e.g. first-person masculine singular → слꙑшалъ бѫдѫ
|
| conditional2
|
Use the l-participle of слꙑшати and the conditional mood4 or perfective aorist tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти
e.g. first-person masculine singular → слꙑшалъ бимь or слꙑшалъ бꙑхъ
|
|
1 For declension of participles, see their entries.
2 Except first/second-person neuter.
3 Attested only in a few instances.
4 The dual forms are unattested.
5 Also called a sigmatic aorist.
This table shows the normalized inflected forms of слꙑшати. Some forms may be based on conjecture. See also Old Church Slavonic grammar § Verbs on WikipediaWikipedia .
Derived terms
- оуслꙑшати (uslyšati)
- прослꙑшати (proslyšati)
- ослꙑшати (oslyšati)
Further reading
- “слꙑшати”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2025
- “слꙑшати”, in Исторически речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky", 2011–2022