Breast implant illness

Breast implant illness
Other namesAutoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants
SpecialtyGynecology, toxicology
SymptomsArthralgia, chronic fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, dryness of the eyes, dryness of the mouth, myalgia, pyrexia[1]
CausesAggravation of underlying autoimmune diseases caused by silicone breast implants[1]
Risk factorsFamily or personal history of allergies or autoimmune diseases[1]

Breast implant illness (BII), also known as autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA), along with other terms, is a purported condition that is said to affect certain women with breast implants, with symptoms Its acceptance as a legitimate disease is controversial,[2][3] but meta-analyses consistently underscore that "women with implants tend to have increases in symptoms and diagnoses compared to similar women in the general population,"[4] and that this particularly but not exclusively affects those with underlying allergies or autoimmune diseases.[1] Nonetheless, it remains poorly defined, and its existence has still not been conclusively proven.[3][5] The idea of BII has existed since the 1960s,[2] but it has more recently been popularized on social media.[5] There are currently no diagnostic criteria nor specific diagnostic tests, thus BII is considered to be a diagnosis of exclusion.[6][7]

Treatment for Breast Implant Illness

• En Bloc: Involves removing both the implant and the capsule tissue surrounding it in one piece. The idea is to eliminate any potential toxins or inflammatory cells that might be contributing to symptoms.

• Non-En Bloc: Involves removing the implant but leaving the surrounding capsule tissue, which may still harbor inflammation or bacteria, but not necessarily in a manner that causes ongoing symptoms.

Studies have found that women who undergo both en bloc explantation or non-en bloc explantation both report significant improvements in symptoms, including fatigue, brain fog, joint pain, and other BII-related issues.[8]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Cohen Tervaert, Jw; Mohazab, N; Redmond, D; van Eeden, C; Osman, M. (2 January 2022). "Breast implant illness: scientific evidence of its existence". Expert Review of Clinical Immunology. 18 (1): 15–29. doi:10.1080/1744666X.2022.2010546. PMID 34882509.
  2. 1 2 Magnusson, Mark R.; Cooter, Rod D.; Rakhorst, Hinne; McGuire, Patricia A.; Adams, William P.; Deva, Anand K. (March 2019). "Breast Implant Illness: A Way Forward". Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. 143 (3S): 74S – 81S. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000005573. hdl:10072/388485. PMID 30817559.
  3. 1 2 Kaplan, J; Rohrich, R (January 2021). "Breast implant illness: a topic in review". Gland Surgery. 10 (1): 430–443. doi:10.21037/gs-20-231. PMC 7882356. PMID 33634001.
  4. ↑ Bradford, Caroline (2018-11-21). "Breast Implant Illnesses: What's the Evidence? - National Center for Health Research". Retrieved 2025-09-08.
  5. 1 2 Yang, Siling; Klietz, Marie-Luise; Harren, Anna Katharina; Wei, Qiang; Hirsch, Tobias; Aitzetmüller, Matthias M (15 March 2022). "Understanding Breast Implant Illness: Etiology is the Key". Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 42 (4): 370–377. doi:10.1093/asj/sjab197. PMID 33871569.
  6. ↑ McGuire, Patricia; Clauw, Daniel J.; Hammer, Jason; Haws, Melinda Haws; Adams, William P. (Jr) (October 23, 2021). "A Practical Guide to Managing Patients With Systemic Symptoms and Breast Implants". Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 42 (4). National Library of Medicine: 397–407. doi:10.1093/asj/sjab375. PMC 8922689. PMID 34687293.
  7. ↑ McGuire, Patricia (April 13, 2023). "Commentary on: Self-Reported Breast Implant Illness: The Contribution of Systemic Illnesses and Other Factors to Patient Symptoms". Aesthetic Surgery Journal. Open Forum. 5 ojad038. National Library of Medicine. doi:10.1093/asjof/ojad038. PMC 10263258. PMID 37325783.
  8. ↑ Glicksman C, McGuire P, Kadin M, Lawrence M, Haws M, Newby J, Ferenz S, Sung J, Wixtrom R. (June 2022). "Impact of Capsulectomy Type on Post-Explantation Systemic Symptom Improvement: Findings From the ASERF Systemic Symptoms in Women-Biospecimen Analysis Study: Part 1". Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 42 (7): 809–819. doi:10.1093/asj/sjab417. PMC 9208825. PMID 34915566.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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