vingõ

Livonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vinkudak.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈvinɡə/, [ˈviŋɡə]

Verb

vingõ

  1. (intransitive, of ears) to ring

Conjugation

Conjugation of vingõ (37)
infinitive vingõ supine vingõm active participle vingõn
gerund vingõs supine abessive vingõmõt passive participle vingdõd
singular (ikšlu’g) plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
1st person
(e’žmi pärsōn)
2nd person
(tuoi pärsōn)
3rd person
(kuolmõz pärsōn)
1st person
(e’žmi pärsōn)
2nd person
(tuoi pärsōn)
3rd person
(kuolmõz pärsōn)
indicative ma sa ta mēg tēg ne
present
(paldīņāiga)
vīngõb vīngõd vīngõb vingõm vingõt vingõbõd
past
(lǟ’ndāiga)
vīngiz vīngizt vīngiz vīngizmõ vīngizt
vīngiztõ
vīngizt
vīngiztõ
future
perfect
līb vingõn līd vingõn līb vingõn līm(õ) vingõnd līt(õ) vingõnd lībõd vingõnd
indicative
negative
ma sa ta mēg tēg ne
present
(paldīņāiga)
ä’b ving ä’d ving ä’b ving ä’b vingõm ät vingõt ä’b vingõt
past
(lǟ’ndāiga)
i’z ving i’zt ving i’z ving i’z vingõm i’zt vingõt i’zt vingõt
future
perfect
ä’b vingõn ä’d vingõn ä’b vingõn ä’b līm(õ) vingõnd ät līt(õ) vingõnd ä’b līt(õ) vingõnd
(sa) (mēg) (tēg)
imperative 1 ving! 1 (vingõgõm!2) vingõgid! 1
imperative negative 3 alā ving! 3 (algõm vingõgõm!2) algid vingõgid! 3
ma sa ta mēg tēg ne
conditional vingõks vingõkst vingõks vingõksmõ vingõkstõ vingõkstõ
conditional negative ä’b vingõks ä’d vingõkst ä’b vingõks ä’b vingõksmõ ät vingõkstõ ä’b vingõkstõ
jussive vingõg vingõg vingõg vingõgõd vingõgõd vingõgõd
jussive negative algõ vingõg algõ vingõg algõ vingõg algõd vingõgõd algõd vingõgõd algõd vingõgõd
quotative vingiji vingiji vingiji vingijid vingijid vingijid
debitive mi’nnõn si’nnõn tä’mmõn mä’ddõn tä’ddõn näntõn
u’m vingõmõst u’m vingõmõst u’m vingõmõst u’m vingõmõst u’m vingõmõst u’m vingõmõst

1) imperative-like constructions possible with la’z (so that) + jussive: la’z ma/ta vingõg, la’z ne vingõgõd
2) rare, using indicative present more common, la’z + jussive construction possible: la’z mēg vingõgõd
3) possible to imply an indirect request by using jussive negative: algõ ma/ta vingõg, algõd ne vingõgõd

References

  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “vingõ”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[1] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra