langõ

Livonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *langët'ak.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑnɡə/, [ˈlɑŋɡə]

Verb

langõ

  1. (intransitive) to fall down, fall to the ground

Conjugation

Conjugation of langõ (37)
infinitive langõ supine langõm active participle langõn
gerund langõs supine abessive langõmõt passive participle langdõd
singular (ikšlu’g) plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
1st person
(e’žmi pärsōn)
2nd person
(tuoi pärsōn)
3rd person
(kuolmõz pärsōn)
1st person
(e’žmi pärsōn)
2nd person
(tuoi pärsōn)
3rd person
(kuolmõz pärsōn)
indicative ma sa ta mēg tēg ne
present
(paldīņāiga)
lāngõb lāngõd lāngõb langõm langõt langõbõd
past
(lǟ’ndāiga)
lāngiz lāngizt lāngiz lāngizmõ lāngizt
lāngiztõ
lāngizt
lāngiztõ
future
perfect
līb langõn līd langõn līb langõn līm(õ) langõnd līt(õ) langõnd lībõd langõnd
indicative
negative
ma sa ta mēg tēg ne
present
(paldīņāiga)
ä’b lang ä’d lang ä’b lang ä’b langõm ät langõt ä’b langõt
past
(lǟ’ndāiga)
i’z lang i’zt lang i’z lang i’z langõm i’zt langõt i’zt langõt
future
perfect
ä’b langõn ä’d langõn ä’b langõn ä’b līm(õ) langõnd ät līt(õ) langõnd ä’b līt(õ) langõnd
(sa) (mēg) (tēg)
imperative 1 lang! 1 (langõgõm!2) langõgid! 1
imperative negative 3 alā lang! 3 (algõm langõgõm!2) algid langõgid! 3
ma sa ta mēg tēg ne
conditional langõks langõkst langõks langõksmõ langõkstõ langõkstõ
conditional negative ä’b langõks ä’d langõkst ä’b langõks ä’b langõksmõ ät langõkstõ ä’b langõkstõ
jussive langõg langõg langõg langõgõd langõgõd langõgõd
jussive negative algõ langõg algõ langõg algõ langõg algõd langõgõd algõd langõgõd algõd langõgõd
quotative langiji langiji langiji langijid langijid langijid
debitive mi’nnõn si’nnõn tä’mmõn mä’ddõn tä’ddõn näntõn
u’m langõmõst u’m langõmõst u’m langõmõst u’m langõmõst u’m langõmõst u’m langõmõst

1) imperative-like constructions possible with la’z (so that) + jussive: la’z ma/ta langõg, la’z ne langõgõd
2) rare, using indicative present more common, la’z + jussive construction possible: la’z mēg langõgõd
3) possible to imply an indirect request by using jussive negative: algõ ma/ta langõg, algõd ne langõgõd

References

  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “langõ”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[1] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra