English
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English garlek, garlik, from Old English gārlēac (“garlic”, literally “spear-leek”), from gār ("spear"; in reference to its sharp, tapering leaves) + lēac (“leek”). Cognate with Scots garlic (“garlic”), Faroese geirleykur (“garlic”), Icelandic geirlaukur (“garlic”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑːlɪk/
- (US) enPR: gärˈlĭk, IPA(key): /ˈɡɑɹlɪk/
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)lɪk
- Homophone: garlick
- IPA /'gɑː(r)lɪk/
- SAMPA /'gA:(r)lIk/
Noun
garlic (countable and uncountable, plural garlics)
- A plant, Allium sativum, related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking.
2013 March, David S. Senchina, “Athletics and Herbal Supplements”, in American Scientist[1], volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 16 May 2013, page 134:Athletes' use of herbal supplements has skyrocketed in the past two decades. At the top of the list of popular herbs are echinacea and ginseng, whereas garlic, St. John's wort, soybean, ephedra and others are also surging in popularity or have been historically prevalent.
- (uncountable) A preparation from Allium sativum used as a food ingredient or the flavor or other characteristics of such an ingredient.
Derived terms
Translations
plant
- Adyghe: бжьыныф (bźənəf)
- Afrikaans: knoffel
- Akkadian: 𒋧 (šūmū)
- Alabama: kosòoma
- Albanian: hudhër (sq) m
- Amharic: ነጭ ሽንኩርት (näč̣ šənkurt)
- Andi: ражи (raži)
- Arabic: ثُوم m (ṯūm), ثُومَة f (ṯūma) (singulative)
- Egyptian Arabic: توم m (tōm)
- Hijazi Arabic: ثوم m (tūm)
- South Levantine Arabic: تومة m (tōme, tōma)
- Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac: ܬܘܡܐ m (tūmā)
- Aragonese: allo
- Archi: лачи (lači)
- Armenian: սխտոր (hy) (sxtor)
- Aromanian: alj n, aljiu n
- Assamese: নহৰু (nohoru)
- Asturian: ayu (ast) m
- Atayal: niniku
- Avar: ражи (raži)
- Avestan: 𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬯𐬥𐬁 (uruuāsnā)
- Azerbaijani: sarımsaq (az)
- Bashkir: һарымһаҡ (harımhaq)
- Basque: baratxuri
- Belarusian: часно́к m (časnók), часны́к m (časnýk)
- Bengali: রসুন (bn) (rośun)
- Bikol Central: bawang (bcl)
- Bouyei: hol, golsois
- Breton: kignen (br) m
- Bulgarian: че́сън (bg) m (čésǎn), (dialectal) чесно́в лук m (česnóv luk)
- Bunun: vasalu
- Burmese: ကြက်သွန်ဖြူ (my) (krakswanhpru)
- Catalan: all (ca) m
- Cebuano: ahos
- Chichewa: adyo
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 蒜頭 / 蒜头 (syun3 tau4)
- Dungan: суан (suan), суантэ (suante)
- Hokkien: 蒜頭 / 蒜头 (zh-min-nan) (soàn-thâu / sǹg-thâu)
- Mandarin: 大蒜 (zh) (dàsuàn), 蒜頭 / 蒜头 (zh) (suàntóu)
- Wu: 蒜 (5soe)
- Chuvash: ыхра (yhra)
- Czech: česnek (cs) m, knobloch m
- Dalmatian: ail
- Danish: hvidløg (da) n
- Dutch: knoflook (nl) m or f
- Dzongkha: སྐྱ་སྒོགཔ (skya sgogp)
- Egyptian: ḫṯn
- Bohairic: ϣϭⲏⲛ (šcēn)
- Sahidic: ϣϫⲏⲛ (ščēn)
- Oxyrhynchite: ⳉϫⲁⲛ (xčan)
- Elfdalian: waitlok m
- Esperanto: ajlo (eo)
- Estonian: küüslauk (et)
- Faroese: hvítleykur m
- Finnish: kynsilaukka (fi) (plant); valkosipuli (fi) (plant or bulb)
- Flemish:
- West Flemish: look m
- French: ail (fr) m
- Frisian:
- West Frisian: knyflok n
- Friulian: ai m
- Gagauz: sarmısak
- Galician: allo (gl)
- Georgian: ნიორი (niori)
- German: Knoblauch (de) m
- Greek: σκόρδο (el) n (skórdo)
- Ancient: σκόροδον n (skórodon), (Koine) σκόρδον n (skórdon)
- Greenlandic: hvidløgi
- Guaraní: sevoiry
- Gujarati: લસણ (gu) (lasaṇ)
- Haitian Creole: lay
- Hausa: àlbásà mai go
- Hawaiian: ʻakaʻakai pilau, ʻakaʻakai pūpū, kālika
- Hebrew: שׁוּם (he) m (shum)
- Higaonon: lansuna
- Hindi: लहसुन (hi) m (lahsun)
- Hungarian: fokhagyma (hu)
- Hunsrik: Knuwloch m
- Icelandic: hvítlaukur (is), geirlaukur m
- Ido: alio (io)
- Ilocano: bawang
- Indonesian: bawang putih (id)
- Ingrian: cesnokka
- Interlingua: allio (ia)
- Irish: gairleog f
- Isan: เทียม (theīym)
- Italian: aglio (it) m
- Japanese: 大蒜 (ja) (にんにく, ninniku, おおびる, ōbiru), 蒜 (ja) (にんにく, ninniku), 葫 (ja) (にんにく, ninniku), ガーリック (ja) (gārikku)
- Javanese: bawang (jv)
- Jeju: 마농 (manong)
- Kabuverdianu: adju, óie
- Kaitag: ше́рже (šérže)
- Kalmyk: сәрмсг (särmsg)
- Kannada: ಬೆಳ್ಳುಳ್ಳಿ (kn) (beḷḷuḷḷi)
- Karachay-Balkar: сарсмакъ (sarsmaq), сарымсах (sarımsax)
- Karakalpak: sarımsaq
- Karelian: česnokka
- Kashmiri: رۆہن (rohn)
- Kavalan: kennaw
- Kazakh: сарымсақ (sarymsaq)
- Khmer: ខ្ទឹមស (km) (ktɨm sɑɑ)
- Khowar: وریݱنو (wrezhnu)
- Kikai: 蒜, 葫 (ふぃる, firu)
- Korean: 마늘 (ko) (maneul), 대산(大蒜) (daesan), 갈릭 (gallik)
- Kumyk: самурсакъ (samursaq)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: سیر (sîr)
- Northern Kurdish: sîr (ku) f
- Kyrgyz: сарымсак (ky) (sarımsak)
- Lao: ຜັກທຽມ (lo) (phak thīam)
- Latin: allium n
- Latvian: ķiploks m
- Laz: ლერი (leri)
- Lisu: ꓢꓪꓮꓠꓸ (swɑ́n)
- Lithuanian: česnakas m
- Lombard: ai (lmo)
- Low German: Knuuflook m
- Lutuv: singbie
- Luxembourgish: Knuewelek m
- Macedonian: лук (mk) m (luk)
- Malagasy: tongolo gasy (mg)
- Malay: bawang putih (ms)
- Malayalam: വെളുത്തുള്ളി (ml) (veḷuttuḷḷi)
- Maltese: tewm m
- Manchu: ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᡩ᠋ᠠ (suwanda)
- Maori: kāriki
- Marathi: लसूण (lasūṇ)
- Mari:
- Eastern Mari: юа (jua)
- Marwari: लसण (lasaṇ)
- Megleno-Romanian: al' n
- Mingrelian: ნიორი (niori)
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: сармис (mn) (sarmis), саримсаг (mn) (sarimsag) (esp China)
- Mongolian: ᠰᠠᠷᠮᠢᠰ (sarmis), ᠰᠠᠷᠢᠮᠰᠠᠭ (sarimsag)
- Nahuatl: caxtīllān xonacatl
- Navajo: tłʼohchin díchʼííʼí
- Neapolitan: àglio
- Nepali: लसुन (lasuna)
- Ngazidja Comorian: itrungu thwaumu
- Norman: ail m
- Northern Altai: шарымсак (šarïmsak)
- Northern Sami: vilgeslávki
- Northern Thai: please add this translation if you can
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: hvitløk (no) m
- Nynorsk: kvitlauk m
- Occitan: alh (oc) m
- Okinawan: 蒜, 葫 (ひる, hiru)
- Old East Slavic: чеснокъ m (česnokŭ)
- Old Norse: geirlaukr m
- Oromo: qullubbii
- Ossetian: нуры (nury)
- Pannonian Rusyn: цеснок m (cesnok)
- Papiamentu: konofló
- Pashto: هوږه (ps) f (húẓa), اوږه f (oẓá)
- Persian:
- Dari: سیر (fa) (sēr)
- Iranian Persian: سیر (fa) (sir)
- Phu Thai: please add this translation if you can
- Piedmontese: ai
- Polish: czosnek (pl) m
- Portuguese: alho (pt) m
- Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi: ਥੋਮ (pa) m (thom), ਲਸਣ m (lasaṇ)
- Shahmukhi: تھوم m (thom), لَسَݨ m (lasaṇ)
- Quechua: ananisikim
- Romagnol: àj m, ài m
- Romani: sir m
- Romanian: usturoi (ro) m, ai (ro)
- Romansch: agl m
- Russian: чесно́к (ru) m (česnók)
- Sanskrit: लशुन (sa) n (laśuna)
- Sardinian:
- Campidanese: allu
- Scots: garlic, ramps
- Scottish Gaelic: creamh m, gairleag f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: чѐшња̄к m, бели лук m, бијели лук m
- Roman: čèšnjāk (sh) m, beli luk (sh) m, bijeli luk m
- Shan: please add this translation if you can
- Sherpa: སྒོག་པ (sgog pa)
- Sicilian: agghiu (scn) m
- Sinhalese: සුදු ලූනු (sudu lūnu), සුදුළූණු (suduḷūṇu)
- Slovak: cesnak (sk) m
- Slovene: česen (sl) m
- Somali: toon (so) m
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: kobołk m
- Southern Altai: сарымсак (sarïmsak)
- Southern Thai: please add this translation if you can
- Spanish: ajo (es) m
- Svan: ნიუ̂რა (niûra)
- Swahili: kitunguu saumu, somu, thumu
- Swedish: vitlök (sv) c
- Sylheti: ꠞꠃꠘ (roun)
- Tagalog: bawang
- Tajik: сир (tg) (sir), сирпиёз (tg) (sirpiyoz)
- Tamil: பூண்டு (ta) (pūṇṭu)
- Tatar: сарымсак (tt) (sarımsaq)
- Telugu: వెల్లుల్లి (te) (vellulli), తెల్లగడ్డ (te) (tellagaḍḍa), ఎల్లిగడ్డ (elligaḍḍa), లశునము (laśunamu)
- Thai: กระเทียม (th) (grà-tiiam)
- Tibetan: སྒོག་པ (sgog pa)
- Turkish: sarımsak (tr)
- Turkmen: sarymsak
- Ukrainian: часни́к m (časnýk), чосни́к m (čosnýk) (rare)
- Urdu: لَہْسَن m (lahsan)
- Uyghur: سامساق (ug) (samsaq)
- Uzbek: sarimsoq (uz)
- Venetan: ajo (vec) m
- Vietnamese: tỏi (vi)
- Vilamovian: knöwłoch
- Volapük: läl
- Waigali: ṭüm
- Welsh: garlleg (cy) m, craf m pl
- White Hmong: qej
- Xhosa: ivimbampunzi
- Yakut: чочунаах (cocunaaq)
- Yiddish: קנאָבל (knobl)
- Yoron: 蒜, 葫 (ぴる, piru)
- Yoruba: ayù
- Zazaki: sir (diq) m
- Zhuang: ho
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Verb
garlic (third-person singular simple present garlics, present participle garlicking, simple past and past participle garlicked)
- To flavour with garlic
1966 March, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 1, in The Crying of Lot 49, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, published November 1976, →ISBN, page 2:[…] then through the sunned gathering of her marjoram and sweet basil from the herb garden, reading of book reviews in the latest Scientific American, into the layering of a lasagna, garlicking of a bread, tearing up of romaine leaves, eventually, oven on, into the mixing of the twilight's whisky sours against the arrival of her husband, Wendell (“Mucho) Maas from work, she wondered, wondered, shuffling back through a fat deckful of days which seemed (wouldn't she be first to admit it?) more or less identical, or all pointing the same way subtly like a conjurer's deck, any odd one readily clear to a trained eye.
Translations
See also
Further reading
Middle English
Noun
garlic
- alternative form of garlek