Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pěstъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peys-

Proto-Indo-European *poys-to-m

Proto-Balto-Slavic *paista

Proto-Slavic *pěstъ

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *paista, from Proto-Indo-European *poys-to-m, from *peys- (“to crush”).

Noun

*pěstъ m

pestle

Declension

Declension of *pě̃stъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pě̃stъ	*pě̄stà	*pě̄stì
genitive	*pě̄stà	*pě̄stù	*pě̃stъ
dative	*pě̄stù	*pě̄stòma	*pě̄stòmъ
accusative	*pě̃stъ	*pě̄stà	*pě̄stỳ
instrumental	pě̄stъ̀mь, pě̄stòmь^*	*pě̄stòma	*pě̃sty
locative	*pě̄stě̀	*pě̄stù	*pě̃stěxъ
vocative	*pěste	*pě̄stà	*pě̄stì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

*pьšenò (“millet”)
*pьxati (“to push, shove”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- ⇒ Belarusian: пе́сцік (pjéscik)
- Russian: пест (pest)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: пе́стик (péstyk)
South Slavic:
- Slovene: pẹ́stọ, pẹ́sta
West Slavic:
- Czech: píst, písta
- Polish: piasta
- Slovak: piest
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: pěsta
  - Upper Sorbian: pěsta

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pě́stь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 397
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пест”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress