-иня

Inherited from Old Slovak -yňa, from Proto-Slavic *-yni. Cognate with Slovak -yňa.

• IPA^(key): [-ˈiɲa]
• Rhymes: -iɲa
• Hyphenation: и‧ня

-иня (-inja) f

1. forms feminine equivalents to masculine nouns

   ‎Поляк (Poljak, “Pole”) + ‎-иня (-inja) → ‎Полякиня (Poljakinja, “female Pole”)

2. forms feminine nouns

   ‎пусти (pusti, “desolate”) + ‎-иня (-inja) → ‎пустиня (pustinja, “desert”)

• Often a calque of Serbo-Croatian -иња / -inja.

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-yni.

• -иня: IPA^(key): [ʲɪnʲə]
• -и́ня: IPA^(key): [ˈʲinʲə]
• -иня́: IPA^(key): [ʲɪˈnʲa]

-иня or -и́ня or -иня́ • (-inja or -ínja or -injá)

1. alternative form of -ыня (-ynja)

In the recent times, this suffix is increasingly used to form feminine form of nouns ending with -лог (-log) (-logist), although many people may consider it as a neologism, and therefore choose to avoid it, replacing -иня with more traditional -лог (-log) or -логи́чка (-logíčka), despite the fact that -логичка may be considered as impolite. The use of -логиня is often associated with the younger generation or politically liberal milieu, like e.g. feminists or anarchists.

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-yni. By surface analysis, -ин (-yn) +‎ -я (-ja). Compare Serbo-Croatian -иња, Pannonian Rusyn and Russian -иня (-inja).

• -иня: IPA^(key): [ enʲɐ]
• -и́ня: IPA^(key): [ ˈɪnʲɐ]

-иня or -и́ня • (-ynja or -ýnja) f (alternative -киня, variant -їня)

1. forms feminine equivalents of masculine animate nouns

   ‎княг- (knjah-, “king, duke, prince”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎княги́ня (knjahýnja, “queen, duchess, princess”)

   ‎бог (boh, “god”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎боги́ня (bohýnja, “goddess”)

   ‎продаве́ць (prodavécʹ, “seller”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎продавчи́ня (prodavčýnja)

   ‎астро́лог (astróloh, “astrologist”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎астрологи́ня (astrolohýnja)

2. forms abstract nouns from adjectives

   ‎го́рдий (górdij, “proud”) + ‎-и́ня (-ínja) → ‎горди́ня (gordínja, “pride, arrogance”)

3. forms place nouns from nouns and adjectives

   ‎твердий (tverdyj, “hard, firm”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎тверди́ня (tverdýnja, “stronghold”)

   ‎святи́й (svjatýj, “sacred”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎святи́ня (svjatýnja, “shrine”)

   ‎пусти́й (pustýj, “empty”) + ‎-и́ня (-ýnja) → ‎пусти́ня (pustýnja, “desert, wilderness”)

4. forms nouns of various senses; see -ня (-nja) for specifics

   ‎прости́й (prostýj, “simple, ordinary”) + ‎-иня́ (-ynjá) → ‎простиня́ (prostynjá, “sheet, bedsheet”)

   ‎ми́лість (mýlistʹ, “mercy, charity”) + ‎-иня (-ynja) → ‎ми́лостиня (mýlostynja, “alms”)

In the recent times, this suffix is increasingly used to form feminine forms of nouns, especially of ones ending with -лог (-loh) (-logist). This use of the suffix is approved by the 2019-reform of the Ukrainian language.