뱉다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 밭다〮 (Yale: pàth-tá). Also attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 비왇다〮 (Yale: piwàth-tá).
From Middle Korean doublets 밭다〮 (pàth-tá) and 비왇다〮 (piwàth-tá), with later forms including 받다 (patta), 밧다 (pasta), 비왓다 (piwasta), 비얏다 (piyasta), 비앗다 (piasta), 배앗다 (payasta), and 뱃다 (paysta). The dialectal form 배앝다 (baeatda) is also attested. These merged in the modern period to form 뱉다 (baetda). Not related to 비웃다 (biutda) (“to sneer, to ridicule”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpɛ(ː)t̚t͈a̠] ~ [ˈpe̞(ː)t̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [밷(ː)따/벧(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | baetda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | baetda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | paetta |
| Yale Romanization? | pāythta |
Verb
뱉다 • (baetda) (infinitive 뱉어, sequential 뱉으니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 뱉다 (baetda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 뱉는다 baenneunda |
뱉어 baeteo |
뱉어요 baeteoyo |
뱉습니다 baetseumnida |
| Past | 뱉었다 baeteotda |
뱉었어 baeteosseo |
뱉었어요 baeteosseoyo |
뱉었습니다 baeteotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 뱉느냐 baenneunya |
뱉어 baeteo |
뱉어요 baeteoyo |
뱉습니까 baetseumnikka |
| Past | 뱉었느냐 baeteonneunya |
뱉었어 baeteosseo |
뱉었어요 baeteosseoyo |
뱉었습니까 baeteotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 뱉자 baetja |
뱉어 baeteo |
뱉어요 baeteoyo |
뱉으십시다 baeteusipsida | |
| Imperative | 뱉어라 baeteora |
뱉어 baeteo |
뱉어요 baeteoyo |
뱉읍시오 baeteupsio | |
| Assertive | 뱉겠다 baetgetda |
뱉겠어 baetgesseo |
뱉겠어요 baetgesseoyo |
뱉겠습니다 baetgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 뱉어 baeteo |
뱉어서 baeteoseo |
뱉으니 baeteuni |
뱉으니까 baeteunikka | |
| Contrast | 뱉지만 baetjiman |
뱉는데 baenneunde |
뱉더니 baetdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 뱉고 baetgo |
||||
| Condition | 뱉으면 baeteumyeon |
뱉어야 baeteoya |
|||
| Motive | 뱉으려고 baeteuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 뱉음 baeteum |
뱉기 baetgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 뱉었음 baeteosseum |
뱉었기 baeteotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 뱉은 baeteun | |||
| Present | 뱉는 baenneun | ||||
| Future | 뱉을 baeteul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 뱉으신다 baeteusinda |
뱉으셔 baeteusyeo |
뱉으세요, 뱉으셔요 baeteuseyo, baeteusyeoyo |
뱉으십니다 baeteusimnida |
| Past | 뱉으셨다 baeteusyeotda |
뱉으셨어 baeteusyeosseo |
뱉으셨어요 baeteusyeosseoyo |
뱉으셨습니다 baeteusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 뱉으시느냐 baeteusineunya |
뱉으셔 baeteusyeo |
뱉으세요, 뱉으셔요 baeteuseyo, baeteusyeoyo |
뱉으십니까 baeteusimnikka |
| Past | 뱉으셨느냐 baeteusyeonneunya |
뱉으셨어 baeteusyeosseo |
뱉으셨어요 baeteusyeosseoyo |
뱉으셨습니까 baeteusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 뱉으시라 baeteusira |
뱉으셔 baeteusyeo |
뱉으세요 baeteuseyo |
뱉으십시오 baeteusipsio | |
| Assertive | 뱉으시겠다 baeteusigetda |
뱉으시겠어 baeteusigesseo |
뱉으시겠어요 baeteusigesseoyo |
뱉으시겠습니다 baeteusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 뱉으셔 baeteusyeo |
뱉으셔서 baeteusyeoseo |
뱉으시니 baeteusini |
뱉으시니까 baeteusinikka | |
| Contrast | 뱉으시지만 baeteusijiman |
뱉으시는데 baeteusineunde |
뱉으시더니 baeteusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 뱉으시고 baeteusigo |
||||
| Condition | 뱉으시면 baeteusimyeon |
뱉으셔야 baeteusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 뱉으시려고 baeteusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 뱉으심 baeteusim |
뱉으시기 baeteusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 뱉으셨음 baeteusyeosseum |
뱉으셨기 baeteusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 뱉으신 baeteusin | |||
| Present | 뱉으시는 baeteusineun | ||||
| Future | 뱉으실 baeteusil | ||||
Derived terms
- 내뱉다 (naebaetda)