밭다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean 밭다〮 (Yale: pàthtá).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠t̚t͈a̠]
Phonetic hangul: [받따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	batda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	batda
McCune–Reischauer^?	patta
Yale Romanization^?	pathta

Verb

밭다 • (batda) (infinitive 밭아, sequential 밭으니)

(intransitive) (of liquid) to boil down and dry up; to evaporate
(intransitive) to lose flesh, to become emaciated
(intransitive) to become anxious, distressed, or withered with worry
(transitive) to strain, to filter out liquid (cf. 밭치다 (batchida))
(transitive, dialectal, 경남, 함북) to spit; to spew (cf. 뱉다 (baetda))

Adjective

밭다 • (batda) (infinitive 밭아, sequential 밭으니)

to be very close or tight in space or time
to be very short
to be a picky eater; to eat little
to be stingy, miserly
to be breathless, short of breath
to be excessively absorbed or immersed in something

Usage notes

The verb/adjective 밭다 (batda) historically covered a wide range of meanings: “to boil down, to wither away,” “to be close/short,” “to filter,” and others. Of special note is the dialectal sense “to spit,” attested in Gyeongnam and Hamgyeong dialects, which directly overlaps with 뱉다 (baetda). Because of this, many scholars consider 뱉다 (baetda) to be more closely related to this sense of 밭다 (batda) (and its doublets 받다 (patta), 비왇다 (piwatta), 배앝다 (baeatda)) rather than to any connection with 비웃다 (biutda).

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 밭다 (batda): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	밭는다 banneunda	밭아 bata	밭아요 batayo	밭습니다 batseumnida
Indicative	Past	밭았다 batatda	밭았어 batasseo	밭았어요 batasseoyo	밭았습니다 batatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	밭느냐 banneunya	밭아 bata	밭아요 batayo	밭습니까 batseumnikka
Interrogative	Past	밭았느냐 batanneunya	밭았어 batasseo	밭았어요 batasseoyo	밭았습니까 batatseumnikka
Hortative		밭자 batja	밭아 bata	밭아요 batayo	밭으십시다 bateusipsida
Imperative		밭아라 batara	밭아 bata	밭아요 batayo	밭읍시오 bateupsio
Assertive		밭겠다 batgetda	밭겠어 batgesseo	밭겠어요 batgesseoyo	밭겠습니다 batgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		밭아 bata	밭아서 bataseo	밭으니 bateuni	밭으니까 bateunikka
Contrast		밭지만 batjiman	밭는데 banneunde	밭더니 batdeoni
Conjunction		밭고 batgo
Condition		밭으면 bateumyeon	밭아야 bataya
Motive		밭으려고 bateuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		밭음 bateum	밭기 batgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		밭았음 batasseum	밭았기 batatgi
Determiners	Past	밭은 bateun
	Present	밭는 banneun
	Future	밭을 bateul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	밭으신다 bateusinda	밭으셔 bateusyeo	밭으세요, 밭으셔요 bateuseyo, bateusyeoyo	밭으십니다 bateusimnida
Indicative	Past	밭으셨다 bateusyeotda	밭으셨어 bateusyeosseo	밭으셨어요 bateusyeosseoyo	밭으셨습니다 bateusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	밭으시느냐 bateusineunya	밭으셔 bateusyeo	밭으세요, 밭으셔요 bateuseyo, bateusyeoyo	밭으십니까 bateusimnikka
Interrogative	Past	밭으셨느냐 bateusyeonneunya	밭으셨어 bateusyeosseo	밭으셨어요 bateusyeosseoyo	밭으셨습니까 bateusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		밭으시라 bateusira	밭으셔 bateusyeo	밭으세요 bateuseyo	밭으십시오 bateusipsio
Assertive		밭으시겠다 bateusigetda	밭으시겠어 bateusigesseo	밭으시겠어요 bateusigesseoyo	밭으시겠습니다 bateusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		밭으셔 bateusyeo	밭으셔서 bateusyeoseo	밭으시니 bateusini	밭으시니까 bateusinikka
Contrast		밭으시지만 bateusijiman	밭으시는데 bateusineunde	밭으시더니 bateusideoni
Conjunction		밭으시고 bateusigo
Condition		밭으시면 bateusimyeon	밭으셔야 bateusyeoya
Motive		밭으시려고 bateusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		밭으심 bateusim	밭으시기 bateusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		밭으셨음 bateusyeosseum	밭으셨기 bateusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	밭으신 bateusin
	Present	밭으시는 bateusineun
	Future	밭으실 bateusil

Derived terms

바투 (batu, “closely, tightly”)
밭치다 (batchida, “to strain, to filter”)