酒池肉林

Chinese

alcoholic drink pond; reservoir meat; flesh woods; forest
trad. (酒池肉林)
simp. #(酒池肉林)
Literally: “pool of wine and forest of meat”.

Etymology

Most famously, referring to the recreational facility built by King Zhou of Shang:

沙丘使男女其閒長夜 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
沙丘使男女其闲长夜 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
Dà jù yuè xì yú shāqiū, yǐ jiǔ wéi chí, xuán ròu wéi lín, shǐ nánnǚ luǒ xiàng zhú qíjiān, wéi chángyè zhī yǐn. [Pinyin]
[King Zhou] gathered entertainers at a dune and built a pool of wine and a forest of meat there. Moreover, he let boys and girls chase each other naked and had drinking parties overnight.

Alternatively, from the same book (Shiji), describing the abundance of wine and meat and the wealthiness during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han:

賞賜酒池肉林外國徧觀倉庫府藏廣大,傾駭 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
赏赐酒池肉林外国遍观仓库府藏广大,倾骇 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
Duō jù guān zhě, xíng shǎngcì, jiǔchíròulín, lìng wàiguó kè biànguān míng cāngkù fǔcáng/zàng zhī jī, xiàn Hàn zhī guǎngdà, qīnghài zhī. [Pinyin]
Gathering together large numbers of people to watch, he entertained the foreign visitors with veritable lakes of wine and forests of meat and had them shown around to the various granaries and storehouses to see how much wealth was laid away there, astounding and overwhelming them with the breadth and greatness of the Han empire.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 1/1 1/1
Initial () (13) (11) (38) (37)
Final () (136) (13) (4) (139)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open
Division () III III III III
Fanqie
Baxter tsjuwX drje nyuwk lim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sɨuX/ /ɖˠiᴇ/ /ȵɨuk̚/ /liɪm/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡siuX/ /ɖᵚiɛ/ /ȵiuk̚/ /lim/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡siəuX/ /ȡiɛ/ /ȵʑiuk̚/ /ljem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡suwX/ /ɖjiə̆/ /ȵuwk̚/ /lim/
Li
Rong
/t͡siuX/ /ȡje/ /ȵiuk̚/ /liəm/
Wang
Li
/t͡sĭəuX/ /ȡǐe/ /ȵʑĭuk̚/ /lĭĕm/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡si̯ə̯uX/ /ȡʱie̯/ /ȵʑi̯uk̚/ /li̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiǔ chí lín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zau2 ci4 juk6 lam4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jiǔ chí ròu lín
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsjuwX › ‹ drje › ‹ nyuwk › ‹ lim ›
Old
Chinese
/*tsuʔ/ /*Cə.lraj/ /*k.nuk/ /*[r]əm/
English wine pool (n.) meat, flesh forest

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2 1/1 1/1
No. 15554 14779 10866 8165
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsluʔ/ /*l'al/ /*njuɡ/ /*ɡ·rɯm/

Idiom

酒池肉林

  1. debauched activities; excessive extravagance

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (酒池肉林):
  • Japanese: (しゅ)()(にく)(りん) (shuchinikurin)
  • Korean: 주지육림(酒池肉林) (jujiyungnim)