酒池肉林
Chinese
| alcoholic drink | pond; reservoir | meat; flesh | woods; forest | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (酒池肉林) | 酒 | 池 | 肉 | 林 | |
| simp. #(酒池肉林) | 酒 | 池 | 肉 | 林 | |
| Literally: “pool of wine and forest of meat”. | |||||
Etymology
Most famously, referring to the recreational facility built by King Zhou of Shang:
- 大冣樂戲於沙丘,以酒為池,縣肉為林,使男女倮相逐其閒,為長夜之飲。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Dà jù yuè xì yú shāqiū, yǐ jiǔ wéi chí, xuán ròu wéi lín, shǐ nánnǚ luǒ xiàng zhú qíjiān, wéi chángyè zhī yǐn. [Pinyin]
- [King Zhou] gathered entertainers at a dune and built a pool of wine and a forest of meat there. Moreover, he let boys and girls chase each other naked and had drinking parties overnight.
大聚乐戏于沙丘,以酒为池,县肉为林,使男女裸相逐其闲,为长夜之饮。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Alternatively, from the same book (Shiji), describing the abundance of wine and meat and the wealthiness during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han:
- 多聚觀者,行賞賜,酒池肉林,令外國客徧觀名倉庫府藏之積,見漢之廣大,傾駭之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Duō jù guān zhě, xíng shǎngcì, jiǔchíròulín, lìng wàiguó kè biànguān míng cāngkù fǔcáng/zàng zhī jī, xiàn Hàn zhī guǎngdà, qīnghài zhī. [Pinyin]
- Gathering together large numbers of people to watch, he entertained the foreign visitors with veritable lakes of wine and forests of meat and had them shown around to the various granaries and storehouses to see how much wealth was laid away there, astounding and overwhelming them with the breadth and greatness of the Han empire.
多聚观者,行赏赐,酒池肉林,令外国客遍观名仓库府藏之积,见汉之广大,倾骇之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiǔchíròulín
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄔˊ ㄖㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiǒuchíhròulín
- Wade–Giles: chiu3-chʻih2-jou4-lin2
- Yale: jyǒu-chŕ-ròu-lín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeouchyrrowlin
- Palladius: цзючижоулинь (czjučižoulinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zau2 ci4 juk6 lam4
- Yale: jáu chìh yuhk làhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzau2 tsi4 juk9 lam4
- Guangdong Romanization: zeo2 qi4 yug6 lem4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹ jʊk̚² lɐm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: tsjuwX drje nyuwk lim
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsuʔ Cə.lraj k.nuk [r]əm/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsluʔ l'al njuɡ ɡ·rɯm/
Idiom
酒池肉林