華夏
See also: 华夏
Chinese
| flourishing; illustrious | grand | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (華夏) | 華 | 夏 | |
| simp. (华夏) | 华 | 夏 | |
Etymology
Attested in the Zuo Zhuan:
A line in the Zuo Zhuan features the words 夏 (OC *ɡraːʔ) and 華 (OC *ɡʷraː) used in a parallel structure.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): waa4 haa6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Fà-ha
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Hôa-hā / Hôa-hēe
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gho-gho6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Huáxià
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Huásià
- Wade–Giles: Hua2-hsia4
- Yale: Hwá-syà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hwashiah
- Palladius: Хуася (Xuasja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ä³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: waa4 haa6
- Yale: wàh hah
- Cantonese Pinyin: waa4 haa6
- Guangdong Romanization: wa4 ha6
- Sinological IPA (key): /waː²¹ haː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Fà-ha
- Hakka Romanization System: faˇ ha
- Hagfa Pinyim: fa2 ha4
- Sinological IPA: /fa¹¹ ha⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hôa-hā
- Tâi-lô: Huâ-hā
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoa'ha
- IPA (Taipei): /hua²⁴⁻¹¹ ha³³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hua²⁴⁻²² ha⁴¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hua²³⁻³³ ha³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hua²⁴⁻²² ha²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hôa-hēe
- Tâi-lô: Huâ-hēe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hua¹³⁻²² hɛ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: hwae haeX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-qʷʰˤra [ɢ]ˤraʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraː ɡraːʔ/
Proper noun
華夏
- (poetic, historical) Huaxia (the land of Chinese culture, particularly in ancient historical contexts, as distinguished from non-Chinese barbarians)
- China
Synonyms
- (China):
- 中 (abbreviation)
- 中原 (Zhōngyuán)
- 中國 / 中国 (Zhōngguó)
- 中華 / 中华 (Zhōnghuá)
- 九州 (Jiǔzhōu) (literary)
- 唐山 (Tángshān)
- 天下 (tiānxià) (lofty)
- 天朝 (Tiāncháo) (historical or Internet slang)
- 支那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete, now usually derogatory or offensive)
- 桃花石 (Táohuāshí) (obsolete)
- 神州 (Shénzhōu) (literary)
- 種花家 / 种花家 (Zhònghuājiā) (slang, humorous)
- 脂那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete)
- 至那 (Zhìnà) (obsolete)
- 華 / 华 (abbreviation)
- 華夏 / 华夏 (Huáxià)
- 諸夏 / 诸夏 (Zhūxià)
- 諸華 / 诸华 (Zhūhuá)
- 赤縣 / 赤县 (Chìxiàn) (literary)
- 赤縣神州 / 赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu) (literary)
- 震旦 (Zhèndàn) (archaic)
Compounds
Descendants
- → Lü: ᦩᦱᧉᦉᦱᧈ (xwaa²ṡaa¹)
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 華 | 夏 |
Noun
華夏 • (hwaha) (hangeul 화하)