振る舞う

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: S

Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
振舞う

Etymology

Assuming the sense "fly freely" was the original sense (appears in the Myōgisho), perhaps a contraction of 振るい (furui, 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 振るう (furuu, to sway)) + 舞う (mau, to dance).[1]

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 振る舞う
Plain 振る舞う るま [fùrúmáꜜù]
Conjunctive 振る舞って るまって [fùrúmáꜜttè]
Perfective 振る舞った るまった [fùrúmáꜜttà]
Negative 振る舞わない るまわない [fùrúmáwáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 振る舞わなかった るまわなかった [fùrúmáwáꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 振る舞えば るまえば [fùrúmáꜜèbà]
Past conditional 振る舞ったら るまったら [fùrúmáꜜttàrà]
Imperative 振る舞え るま [fùrúmáꜜè]
Volitional 振る舞おう るまお [fùrúmáóꜜò]
Desiderative 振る舞いたい るまいた [fùrúmáítáꜜì]
Formal 振る舞います るまいま [fùrúmáímáꜜsù]
Formal negative 振る舞いません るまいませ [fùrúmáímáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 振る舞いましょう るまいましょ [fùrúmáímáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 振る舞いました るまいました [fùrúmáímáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 振る舞い
振る舞いに
るま
るまいに
[fùrúmáꜜì]
[fùrúmáꜜì nì]
Negative continuative 振る舞わず
振る舞わずに
るまわ
るまわずに
[fùrúmáwáꜜzù]
[fùrúmáwáꜜzù nì]
Passive 振る舞われる るまわれ [fùrúmáwáréꜜrù]
Causative 振る舞わせる
振る舞わす
るまわせ
るまわ
[fùrúmáwáséꜜrù]
[fùrúmáwáꜜsù]
Potential 振る舞える るまえ [fùrúmáéꜜrù]
  • (Kyoto) ふるまう [fúrúmáú] (Kōki – [0])[1]
  • Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References: [1]

Verb

()() • (furumauふるまふ (furumafu)?transitive or intransitive godan (stem ()() (furumai), past ()()った (furumatta))

  1. [from the early 1000s] (ambitransitive) to behave, to conduct oneself
    • 2007, “アンインストール”, 石川智晶 (lyrics), performed by 石川智晶:
      (おそ)れを()らない戦士(せんし)のように()()しかない
      osore o shiranai senshi no yō ni furumau shika nai
      There is none else to do than be like a soldier who knows no fear
  2. [from 974] (archaic, perhaps obsolete, intransitive) to amend to a plan
  3. [from the late 900s] (obsolete, intransitive) to think freely
  4. [from the late 1400s] (obsolete, intransitive) to fly freely with the wings flapping (of a bird)
  5. [from 1254] (transitive) to treat to food or drink
    • 2025 August 3, 伊藤聖笑, “フルコース シェフは中学生 8日、知多でレストラン 満席に”, in 中日新聞 [Chunichi Shimbun], 朝刊(市民版) [Nagoya morning] edition, number 29693, 市民 [City], page 15:
      本格的な料理を振る舞うべく準備してきた生徒たちは、8日の本番を楽しみに待つ。
      Honkakuteki na ryōri o furumau beku junbi shite kita seito-tachi wa, yōka no honban o tanoshimi ni matsu.
      The students have been preparing to serve authentic cuisine and are looking forward to the big day on the 8th.

Conjugation

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002), 日本国語大辞典 第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN