Chinese
|
|
mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm |
light; ray; bright
|
like; same; similar like; same; similar; together; alike; with |
dust; dirt; earth
|
| trad. (和光同塵)
|
和
|
光
|
同
|
塵
|
| simp. (和光同尘)
|
和
|
光
|
同
|
尘
|
Etymology
From Tao Te Ching, Chapter 4:
The sentence quoted above reappears in Chapter 56.
Pronunciation
| Rime
|
| Character
|
和
|
光
|
同
|
塵
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
1/2
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
| Initial (聲)
|
匣 (33)
|
見 (28)
|
定 (7)
|
澄 (11)
|
| Final (韻)
|
戈 (95)
|
唐 (102)
|
東 (1)
|
眞 (44)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Level (Ø)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Closed
|
Closed
|
Open
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
I
|
I
|
I
|
III
|
| Fanqie
|
戸戈切
|
古黃切
|
徒紅切
|
直珍切
|
| Baxter
|
hwa
|
kwang
|
duwng
|
drin
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/ɦuɑ/
|
/kwɑŋ/
|
/duŋ/
|
/ɖˠiɪn/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/ɦuɑ/
|
/kʷɑŋ/
|
/duŋ/
|
/ɖᵚin/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/ɣuɑ/
|
/kuɑŋ/
|
/duŋ/
|
/ȡien/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/ɦwa/
|
/kwaŋ/
|
/dəwŋ/
|
/ɖjin/
|
Li
Rong
|
/ɣuɑ/
|
/kuɑŋ/
|
/duŋ/
|
/ȡjĕn/
|
Wang
Li
|
/ɣuɑ/
|
/kuɑŋ/
|
/duŋ/
|
/ȡǐĕn/
|
Bernhard
Karlgren
|
/ɣuɑ/
|
/kwɑŋ/
|
/dʱuŋ/
|
/ȡʱi̯ĕn/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
huó
|
guāng
|
tóng
|
chén
|
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
|
wo4
|
gwong1
|
tung4
|
can4
|
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
和
|
光
|
同
|
塵
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
hé
|
guāng
|
tóng
|
chén
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ hwa ›
|
‹ kwang ›
|
‹ duwng ›
|
‹ drin ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*[ɢ]ˁoj/
|
/*kʷˁaŋ/
|
/*lˁoŋ/
|
/*[d]rə[n]/
|
| English
|
harmonious
|
light, brightness
|
together, join
|
dust (n.)
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
和
|
光
|
同
|
塵
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
1/2
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
4932
|
4506
|
12446
|
1397
|
Phonetic
component
|
禾
|
光
|
同
|
塵
|
Rime
group
|
歌
|
陽
|
東
|
文
|
Rime
subdivision
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
和
|
|
同
|
陳
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ɡoːl/
|
/*kʷaːŋ/
|
/*doːŋ/
|
/*rdɯn/
|
| Notes
|
|
灮隸變
|
甲金文象有節筒管與口協合，
如此方能音律諧和，
爲筒（簫）初文
|
|
Idiom
和光同塵
- to refrain from showing one's ability and drift with the tide
Synonyms