Colton antigen system

Interpretation of antibody panel to detect patient antibodies towards the most relevant human blood group systems.

The Colton antigen system (Co) is present on the membranes of red blood cells and in the tubules of the kidney[1] and helps determine a person's blood type. The Co antigen is found on a protein called aquaporin-1 which is responsible for water homeostasis and urine concentration.[2]

The Co antigen is important in transfusion medicine. 99.8% of people possess the Co(a) allele. Individuals with Co(b) allele or who are missing the Colton antigen are at risk for a transfusion reaction such as hemolytic anemia or alloimmunization. Antibodies against the Colton antigen may also cause hemolytic disease of the newborn, in which a pregnant woman's body creates antibodies against the blood of her fetus, leading to destruction of the fetal blood cells.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Denker BM, Smith BL, Kuhajda FP, Agre P (October 1988). "Identification, purification, and partial characterization of a novel Mr 28,000 integral membrane protein from erythrocytes and renal tubules". J. Biol. Chem. 263: 15634–42. PMID 3049610.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ↑ King LS, Choi M, Fernandez PC, Cartron JP, Agre P (2001). "Defective urinary-concentrating ability due to a complete deficiency of aquaporin-1". N Engl J Med. 345 (3): 175–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM200107193450304. PMID 11463012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ Covin RB, Evans KS, Olshock R, Thompson HW (2001). "Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by anti-Coa". Immunohematology. 17: 45–9. PMID 15373591.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Colton at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH
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