I ran into the same problem, here's what I did in order to fix it.
First of all, through GRUB I found a kernel version that could still boot and I was welcomed by a root shell.
Then I connected to internet with:
root# ip addr add 192.168.1.10/24 dev MY-DEVICE #add ip address
root# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 #add gateway (router)
root# echo "8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf #set DNS
At this point, I tried to run apt install --fix-broken, which let me kindly now that I was missing the libnettle8 package; I installed it manually with
root# wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/679187946/libnettle8_3.9.1-2_amd64.deb
root# dpkg -i libnettle8_3.9.1-2_amd64.deb
After that, apt install --fix-broken worked again; I had to manually fix some other errors (uninstalling a couple packages with apt uninstall), then updated again everything with:
root# apt update && apt upgrade -y
root# apt dist-upgrade
root# apt install ubuntu-release-upgrader-core
root# reboot
I think I won't upgrade again until 2029.