ringen

See also: Ringen

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈrɪŋə(n)/
  • Audio (Limburg):(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪŋən
  • Hyphenation: rin‧gen

Etymology 1

Noun

ringen

  1. plural of ring

Etymology 2

Verb

ringen

  1. (transitive) to ring
    Synonyms: beringen, klinken, aanbellen
Descendants
  • Negerhollands: ring

German

Etymology

From Middle High German ringen, from Old High German ringan, from Proto-West Germanic *wringan, from Proto-Germanic *wringaną. Cognate with wringen (from Low German), English wring, and Dutch wringen.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʁɪŋən/, [ˈʁɪŋən], [ˈʁɪŋŋ̩]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio (Germany (Berlin)):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪŋn̩

Verb

ringen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present ringt, past tense rang, past participle gerungen, past subjunctive ränge, auxiliary haben)

  1. (intransitive) to wrestle
  2. (intransitive) to struggle
    • 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, “Aus dem Lande der Ostseeritter”, in Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun., page 100:
      Es war als rängen beständig zwei Mächte um sie, als würde sie wehrlos von ihnen hin und her gerissen.
      It was as if two powers struggled over her continuously, as if she was torn to and fro by them defenselessly.
  3. (transitive) to wring (for example “hands”; but not “clothes”, for that see wringen)

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

  • ringen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • ringen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • ringen” in Duden online
  • ringen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English hrinġan, from Proto-West Germanic *hringijan, from Proto-Germanic *hringijaną.

The pronunciation with /ɡ/ is due to levelling from the Old English past tense hringde, while strong forms are from analogy with class 3 verbs such as singen and springen.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈrinɡən/, /ˈriːnɡən/

Verb

ringen (third-person singular simple present ringeth, present participle ringynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative rong, past participle rungen)

  1. to ring (make a ringing sound)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ringen (strong class 3 or weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) ringen, ringe
present tense past tense
1st-person singular ringe rong, rang, ringed
2nd-person singular ringest runge1, range1, ringedest
3rd-person singular ringeth rong, rang, ringed
subjunctive singular ringe runge2, range2, ringed2
imperative singular
plural3 ringen, ringe rungen, runge, rangen, range, ringeden, ringede
imperative plural ringeth, ringe
participles ringynge, ringende rungen, runge, ringed, yrungen, yrunge, yringed

1 Later replaced by the 1st-/3rd-person singular or rongest, rangest.
2 Later replaced by the indicative.
3 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

References

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

ringen m

  1. definite singular of ring

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

ringen m

  1. definite singular of ring

Swedish

Noun

ringen

  1. definite singular of ring

West Frisian

Noun

ringen

  1. plural of ring