nywa

See also: nywǎ

Nyole (Uganda)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-ɲóa.

Verb

-nywa (infinitive ohunywa)

  1. to drink
  2. to smoke

References

  • Diprose, Martin; Musimami, Sylvester N. M. (2012), Lunyole–English Dictionary‎[1], SIL International

Rwanda-Rundi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-ɲóa.

Verb

-nywá (infinitive kunywá, perfective -nyôye)

  1. to drink
  2. to smoke

Derived terms

References

  • Elizabeth E. Cox; Myra Adamson; Muriel Teusink (1969), Dictionary: Kinyarwanda-English, English-Kinyarwanda‎[2], page 35
  • Emmanuel Habumuremyi; Claudine Uwamahoro (2006), A Kinyarwanda-English and English-Kinyarwanda dictionary‎[3], Kigali: Rwanda Community Net, page 306

Swahili

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-ɲóa.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɲwɑ/
  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-nywa (infinitive kunywa)

  1. to drink

Conjugation

Conjugation of -nywa
Positive present -nakunywa
Subjunctive -nywe
Negative -nywi
Imperative singular kunywa
Infinitives
Positive kunywa
Negative kutokunywa
Imperatives
Singular kunywa
Plural kunyweni
Tensed forms
Habitual hunywa
Positive past positive subject concord + -likunywa
Negative past negative subject concord + -kunywa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakunywa)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakunywa/nakunywa tunakunywa
2nd person unakunywa mnakunywa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakunywa wanakunywa
other classes positive subject concord + -nakunywa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -nywi)
Singular Plural
1st person sinywi hatunywi
2nd person hunywi hamnywi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hanywi hawanywi
other classes negative subject concord + -nywi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takunywa
Negative future negative subject concord + -takunywa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nywe)
Singular Plural
1st person ninywe tunywe
2nd person unywe mnywe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anywe wanywe
other classes positive subject concord + -nywe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sinywe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekunywa
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekunywa
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikunywa
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikunywa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anywa)
Singular Plural
1st person nanywa twanywa
2nd person wanywa mwanywa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anywa wanywa
m-mi(III/IV) wanywa yanywa
ji-ma(V/VI) lanywa yanywa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chanywa vyanywa
n(IX/X) yanywa zanywa
u(XI) wanywa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwanywa
pa(XVI) panywa
mu(XVIII) mwanywa
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekunywa
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakunywa
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -janywa
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kinywa
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokunywa
Consecutive kanywa / positive subject concord + -kanywa
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kanywe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -ninywa -tunywa
2nd person -kunywa -wanywa/-kunyweni/-wanyweni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mnywa -wanywa
m-mi(III/IV) -unywa -inywa
ji-ma(V/VI) -linywa -yanywa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kinywa -vinywa
n(IX/X) -inywa -zinywa
u(XI) -unywa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kunywa
pa(XVI) -panywa
mu(XVIII) -munywa
Reflexive -jinywa
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nywa- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -nywaye -nywao
m-mi(III/IV) -nywao -nywayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -nywalo -nywayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -nywacho -nywavyo
n(IX/X) -nywayo -nywazo
u(XI) -nywao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -nywako
pa(XVI) -nywapo
mu(XVIII) -nywamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kunywa)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekunywa -okunywa
m-mi(III/IV) -okunywa -yokunywa
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokunywa -yokunywa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokunywa -vyokunywa
n(IX/X) -yokunywa -zokunywa
u(XI) -okunywa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokunywa
pa(XVI) -pokunywa
mu(XVIII) -mokunywa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Tooro

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-ɲóa. Doublet of -nywana (“to make blood-brotherhood”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɲwa/

Verb

-nywa (infinitive okunywa)

  1. to drink
  2. to smoke

Conjugation

Conjugation of -nywa
infinitives
affirmative okunywa
negative okutanywa
imperatives
affirmative nywa
negative (see second-person negative subjunctive forms)
tense polarity basic forms relative forms1
present habitual affirmative
subject concord + -nywa
person noun class singular plural
first person nnywa tunywa
second person onywa munywa
third person 1/2 anywa banywa
3/4 gunywa enywa
5/6 linywa ganywa
7/8 kinywa binywa
9/10 enywa zinywa
11/10 runywa
12/14 kanywa bunywa
13 — tunywa
14/6 bunywa ganywa
15/6 kunywa
16 hanywa —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -nywa
person noun class singular plural
first person tinnywa titunywa
second person tonywa timunywa
third person 1/2 tanywa tibanywa
3/4 tigunywa tenywa
5/6 tirinywa tiganywa
7/8 tikinywa tibinywa
9/10 tenywa tizinywa
11/10 tirunywa
12/14 tikanywa tibunywa
13 — titunywa
14/6 tibunywa tiganywa
15/6 tikunywa
16 tihanywa —
subject concord + -tanywa
present continuous affirmative
ni- + subject concord + -nywa
person noun class singular plural
first person ninnywa nitunywa
second person noonywa nimunywa
third person 1/2 naanywa nibanywa
3/4 nigunywa neenywa
5/6 nirinywa niganywa
7/8 nikinywa nibinywa
9/10 neenywa nizinywa
11/10 nirunywa
12/14 nikanywa nibunywa
13 — nitunywa
14/6 nibunywa niganywa
15/6 nikunywa
16 nihanywa —
subject concord + -rukunywa
negative
ti- + subject concord + -rukunywa
person noun class singular plural
first person tindukunywa titurukunywa
second person torukunywa timurukunywa
third person 1/2 tarukunywa tibarukunywa
3/4 tigurukunywa terukunywa
5/6 tirirukunywa tigarukunywa
7/8 tikirukunywa tibirukunywa
9/10 terukunywa tizirukunywa
11/10 tirurukunywa
12/14 tikarukunywa tiburukunywa
13 — titurukunywa
14/6 tiburukunywa tigarukunywa
15/6 tikurukunywa
16 tiharukunywa —
subject concord + -tarukunywa
present continuative affirmative
ni- + subject concord + -kyanywa
person noun class singular plural
first person ninkyanywa nitukyanywa
second person nookyanywa nimukyanywa
third person 1/2 naakyanywa nibakyanywa
3/4 nigukyanywa neekyanywa
5/6 nirikyanywa nigakyanywa
7/8 nikikyanywa nibikyanywa
9/10 neekyanywa nizikyanywa
11/10 nirukyanywa
12/14 nikakyanywa nibukyanywa
13 — nitukyanywa
14/6 nibukyanywa nigakyanywa
15/6 nikukyanywa
16 nihakyanywa —
subject concord + -rukukyanywa
negative
ti- + subject concord + -kyanywa
person noun class singular plural
first person tinkyanywa titukyanywa
second person tokyanywa timukyanywa
third person 1/2 takyanywa tibakyanywa
3/4 tigukyanywa tekyanywa
5/6 tirikyanywa tigakyanywa
7/8 tikikyanywa tibikyanywa
9/10 tekyanywa tizikyanywa
11/10 tirukyanywa
12/14 tikakyanywa tibukyanywa
13 — titukyanywa
14/6 tibukyanywa tigakyanywa
15/6 tikukyanywa
16 tihakyanywa —
subject concord + -takyanywa
virtual present affirmative
subject concord + -anywa
person noun class singular plural
first person nanywa twanywa
second person wanywa mwanywa
third person 1/2 yanywa baanywa
3/4 gwanywa yanywa
5/6 lyanywa gaanywa
7/8 kyanywa byanywa
9/10 yanywa zaanywa
11/10 rwanywa
12/14 kaanywa bwanywa
13 — twanywa
14/6 bwanywa gaanywa
15/6 kwanywa
16 haanywa —
negative
ti- + subject concord + anywa
person noun class singular plural
first person tinanywa titwanywa
second person tiwanywa timwanywa
third person 1/2 tiyanywa tibaanywa
3/4 tigwanywa tiyanywa
5/6 tiryanywa tigaanywa
7/8 tikyanywa tibyanywa
9/10 tiyanywa tizaanywa
11/10 tirwanywa
12/14 tikaanywa tibwanywa
13 — titwanywa
14/6 tibwanywa tigaanywa
15/6 tikwanywa
16 tihaanywa —
subject concord + -taanywa
present perfect affirmative
subject concord + -nywire
person noun class singular plural
first person nnywire tunywire
second person onywire munywire
third person 1/2 anywire banywire
3/4 gunywire enywire
5/6 linywire ganywire
7/8 kinywire binywire
9/10 enywire zinywire
11/10 runywire
12/14 kanywire bunywire
13 — tunywire
14/6 bunywire ganywire
15/6 kunywire
16 hanywire —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -nywire
person noun class singular plural
first person tinnywire titunywire
second person tonywire timunywire
third person 1/2 tanywire tibanywire
3/4 tigunywire tenywire
5/6 tirinywire tiganywire
7/8 tikinywire tibinywire
9/10 tenywire tizinywire
11/10 tirunywire
12/14 tikanywire tibunywire
13 — titunywire
14/6 tibunywire tiganywire
15/6 tikunywire
16 tihanywire —
subject concord + -tanywire
near perfective affirmative
subject concord + -akanywa
person noun class singular plural
first person nakanywa twakanywa
second person wakanywa mwakanywa
third person 1/2 yakanywa baakanywa
3/4 gwakanywa yakanywa
5/6 lyakanywa gaakanywa
7/8 kyakanywa byakanywa
9/10 yakanywa zaakanywa
11/10 rwakanywa
12/14 kaakanywa bwakanywa
13 — twakanywa
14/6 bwakanywa gaakanywa
15/6 kwakanywa
16 haakanywa —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -kanywire
person noun class singular plural
first person tinkanywire titukanywire
second person tokanywire timukanywire
third person 1/2 takanywire tibakanywire
3/4 tigukanywire tekanywire
5/6 tirikanywire tigakanywire
7/8 tikikanywire tibikanywire
9/10 tekanywire tizikanywire
11/10 tirukanywire
12/14 tikakanywire tibukanywire
13 — titukanywire
14/6 tibukanywire tigakanywire
15/6 tikukanywire
16 tihakanywire —
subject concord + -takanywire
near past affirmative
subject concord + -nywirege
person noun class singular plural
first person nnywirege tunywirege
second person onywirege munywirege
third person 1/2 anywirege banywirege
3/4 gunywirege enywirege
5/6 linywirege ganywirege
7/8 kinywirege binywirege
9/10 enywirege zinywirege
11/10 runywirege
12/14 kanywirege bunywirege
13 — tunywirege
14/6 bunywirege ganywirege
15/6 kunywirege
16 hanywirege —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -nywirege
person noun class singular plural
first person tinnywirege titunywirege
second person tonywirege timunywirege
third person 1/2 tanywirege tibanywirege
3/4 tigunywirege tenywirege
5/6 tirinywirege tiganywirege
7/8 tikinywirege tibinywirege
9/10 tenywirege tizinywirege
11/10 tirunywirege
12/14 tikanywirege tibunywirege
13 — titunywirege
14/6 tibunywirege tiganywirege
15/6 tikunywirege
16 tihanywirege —
subject concord + -tanywirege
remote past affirmative
subject concord + -kanywa
person noun class singular plural
first person nkanywa tukanywa
second person okanywa mukanywa
third person 1/2 akanywa bakanywa
3/4 gukanywa ekanywa
5/6 likanywa gakanywa
7/8 kikanywa bikanywa
9/10 ekanywa zikanywa
11/10 rukanywa
12/14 kakanywa bukanywa
13 — tukanywa
14/6 bukanywa gakanywa
15/6 kukanywa
16 hakanywa —
subject concord + -anywire
negative
subject concord + -tanywe
person noun class singular plural
first person ntanywe tutanywe
second person otanywe mutanywe
third person 1/2 atanywe batanywe
3/4 gutanywe etanywe
5/6 litanywe gatanywe
7/8 kitanywe bitanywe
9/10 etanywe ziitanywe
11/10 rutanywe
12/14 katanywe butanywe
13 — tutanywe
14/6 butanywe gatanywe
15/6 kutanywe
16 hatanywe —
subject concord + -taranywire
experiential perfective affirmative
subject concord + -ranywire
person noun class singular plural
first person ndanywire turanywire
second person oranywire muranywire
third person 1/2 aranywire baranywire
3/4 guranywire eranywire
5/6 liranywire garanywire
7/8 kiranywire biranywire
9/10 eranywire ziranywire
11/10 ruranywire
12/14 karanywire buranywire
13 — turanywire
14/6 buranywire garanywire
15/6 kuranywire
16 haranywire —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -kanywaga
person noun class singular plural
first person tinkanywaga titukanywaga
second person tokanywaga timukanywaga
third person 1/2 takanywaga tibakanywaga
3/4 tigukanywaga tekanywaga
5/6 tirikanywaga tigakanywaga
7/8 tikikanywaga tibikanywaga
9/10 tekanywaga tizikanywaga
11/10 tirukanywaga
12/14 tikakanywaga tibukanywaga
13 — titukanywaga
14/6 tibukanywaga tigakanywaga
15/6 tikukanywaga
16 tihakanywaga —
subject concord + -takanywaga
cessative perfective affirmative
subject concord + -aanywire
person noun class singular plural
first person naanywire twanywire
second person waanywire mwanywire
third person 1/2 yaanywire baanywire
3/4 gwanywire yaanywire
5/6 lyanywire gaanywire
7/8 kyanywire byanywire
9/10 yaanywire zaanywire
11/10 rwanywire
12/14 kaanywire bwanywire
13 — twanywire
14/6 bwanywire gaanywire
15/6 kwanywire
16 haanywire —
past habitual affirmative
subject concord + -anywaga
person noun class singular plural
first person nanywaga twanywaga
second person wanywaga mwanywaga
third person 1/2 yanywaga baanywaga
3/4 gwanywaga yanywaga
5/6 lyanywaga gaanywaga
7/8 kyanywaga byanywaga
9/10 yanywaga zaanywaga
11/10 rwanywaga
12/14 kaanywaga bwanywaga
13 — twanywaga
14/6 bwanywaga gaanywaga
15/6 kwanywaga
16 haanywaga —
negative
ti- + subject concord + anywaga
person noun class singular plural
first person tinanywaga titwanywaga
second person tiwanywaga timwanywaga
third person 1/2 tiyanywaga tibaanywaga
3/4 tigwanywaga tiyanywaga
5/6 tiryanywaga tigaanywaga
7/8 tikyanywaga tibyanywaga
9/10 tiyanywaga tizaanywaga
11/10 tirwanywaga
12/14 tikaanywaga tibwanywaga
13 — titwanywaga
14/6 tibwanywaga tigaanywaga
15/6 tikwanywaga
16 tihaanywaga —
subject concord + -taanywaga
near future affirmative
subject concord + -raanywa
person noun class singular plural
first person ndaanywa turaanywa
second person oraanywa muraanywa
third person 1/2 araanywa baraanywa
3/4 guraanywa eraanywa
5/6 liraanywa garaanywa
7/8 kiraanywa biraanywa
9/10 eraanywa ziraanywa
11/10 ruraanywa
12/14 karaanywa buraanywa
13 — turaanywa
14/6 buraanywa garaanywa
15/6 kuraanywa
16 haraanywa —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aanywe
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaanywe titwanywe
second person tiwaanywe timwanywe
third person 1/2 tiyaanywe tibaanywe
3/4 tigwanywe tiyaanywe
5/6 tiryanywe tigaanywe
7/8 tikyanywe tibyanywe
9/10 tiyaanywe tizaanywe
11/10 tirwanywe
12/14 tikaanywe tibwanywe
13 — titwanywe
14/6 tibwanywe tigaanywe
15/6 tikwanywe
16 tihaanywe —
subject concord + -taanywe
remote future affirmative
subject concord + -linywa
person noun class singular plural
first person ndinywa tulinywa
second person olinywa mulinywa
third person 1/2 alinywa balinywa
3/4 gulinywa erinywa
5/6 lirinywa galinywa
7/8 kirinywa birinywa
9/10 erinywa zirinywa
11/10 rulinywa
12/14 kalinywa bulinywa
13 — tulinywa
14/6 bulinywa galinywa
15/6 kulinywa
16 halinywa —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -linywa
person noun class singular plural
first person tindinywa titulinywa
second person tolinywa timulinywa
third person 1/2 talinywa tibalinywa
3/4 tigulinywa terinywa
5/6 tiririnywa tigalinywa
7/8 tikirinywa tibirinywa
9/10 terinywa tizirinywa
11/10 tirulinywa
12/14 tikalinywa tibulinywa
13 — titulinywa
14/6 tibulinywa tigalinywa
15/6 tikulinywa
16 tihalinywa —
subject concord + -talinywa
future habitual affirmative
subject concord + -raanywaga
person noun class singular plural
first person ndaanywaga turaanywaga
second person oraanywaga muraanywaga
third person 1/2 araanywaga baraanywaga
3/4 guraanywaga eraanywaga
5/6 liraanywaga garaanywaga
7/8 kiraanywaga biraanywaga
9/10 eraanywaga ziraanywaga
11/10 ruraanywaga
12/14 karaanywaga buraanywaga
13 — turaanywaga
14/6 buraanywaga garaanywaga
15/6 kuraanywaga
16 haraanywaga —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aanywege
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaanywege titwanywege
second person tiwaanywege timwanywege
third person 1/2 tiyaanywege tibaanywege
3/4 tigwanywege tiyaanywege
5/6 tiryanywege tigaanywege
7/8 tikyanywege tibyanywege
9/10 tiyaanywege tizaanywege
11/10 tirwanywege
12/14 tikaanywege tibwanywege
13 — titwanywege
14/6 tibwanywege tigaanywege
15/6 tikwanywege
16 tihaanywege —
subject concord + -taanywege
subjunctive affirmative
subject concord + nywe
person noun class singular plural
first person nnywe tunywe
second person onywe munywe
third person 1/2 anywe banywe
3/4 gunywe enywe
5/6 linywe ganywe
7/8 kinywe binywe
9/10 enywe zinywe
11/10 runywe
12/14 kanywe bunywe
13 — tunywe
14/6 bunywe ganywe
15/6 kunywe
16 hanywe —
negative
subject concord + -tanywa
person noun class singular plural
first person ntanywa tutanywa
second person otanywa mutanywa
third person 1/2 atanywa batanywa
3/4 gutanywa etanywa
5/6 litanywa gatanywa
7/8 kitanywa bitanywa
9/10 etanywa zitanywa
11/10 rutanywa
12/14 katanywa butanywa
13 — tutanywa
14/6 butanywa gatanywa
15/6 kutanywa
16 hatanywa —
—
subjunctive habitual affirmative
subject concord + nywege
person noun class singular plural
first person nnywege tunywege
second person onywege munywege
third person 1/2 anywege banywege
3/4 gunywege enywege
5/6 linywege ganywege
7/8 kinywege binywege
9/10 enywege zinywege
11/10 runywege
12/14 kanywege bunywege
13 — tunywege
14/6 bunywege ganywege
15/6 kunywege
16 hanywege —
hypothetical affirmative
subject concord + -aakunywa
person noun class singular plural
first person naakunywa twakunywa
second person waakunywa mwakunywa
third person 1/2 yaakunywa baakunywa
3/4 gwakunywa yaakunywa
5/6 lyakunywa gaakunywa
7/8 kyakunywa byakunywa
9/10 yaakunywa zaakunywa
11/10 rwakunywa
12/14 kaakunywa bwakunywa
13 — twakunywa
14/6 bwakunywa gaakunywa
15/6 kwakunywa
16 haakunywa —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aakunywa
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaakunywa titwakunywa
second person tiwaakunywa timwakunywa
third person 1/2 tiyaakunywa tibaakunywa
3/4 tigwakunywa tiyaakunywa
5/6 tiryakunywa tigaakunywa
7/8 tikyakunywa tibyakunywa
9/10 tiyaakunywa tizaakunywa
11/10 tirwakunywa
12/14 tikaakunywa tibwakunywa
13 — titwakunywa
14/6 tibwakunywa tigaakunywa
15/6 tikwakunywa
16 tihaakunywa —
subject concord + -taakunywa
conditional affirmative
subject concord + -aakunywire
person noun class singular plural
first person naakunywire twakunywire
second person waakunywire mwakunywire
third person 1/2 yaakunywire baakunywire
3/4 gwakunywire yaakunywire
5/6 lyakunywire gaakunywire
7/8 kyakunywire byakunywire
9/10 yaakunywire zaakunywire
11/10 rwakunywire
12/14 kaakunywire bwakunywire
13 — twakunywire
14/6 bwakunywire gaakunywire
15/6 kwakunywire
16 haakunywire —
negative
ti- + subject concord + -aakunywire
person noun class singular plural
first person tinaakunywire titwakunywire
second person tiwaakunywire timwakunywire
third person 1/2 tiyaakunywire tibaakunywire
3/4 tigwakunywire tiyaakunywire
5/6 tiryakunywire tigaakunywire
7/8 tikyakunywire tibyakunywire
9/10 tiyaakunywire tizaakunywire
11/10 tirwakunywire
12/14 tikaakunywire tibwakunywire
13 — titwakunywire
14/6 tibwakunywire tigaakunywire
15/6 tikwakunywire
16 tihaakunywire —
subject concord + -taakunywire
object concords
person noun class singular plural
first person -nnywa -tunywa
second person -kunywa -banywa
third person 1/2 -munywa
3/4 -gunywa -ginywa
5/6 -linywa -ganywa
7/8 -kinywa -binywa
9/10 -ginywa -zinywa
11/10 -runywa
12/14 -kanywa -bunywa
13 — -tunywa
14/6 -bunywa -ganywa
15/6 -kunywa
16 -hanywa —

1 The forms in this column are reduced relative forms; full relative forms require an augment before the subject concord.


Derived terms

  • Verbal derivations:
    • Applicative: -nywera
    • Long causative: -nywisa
    • Passive: -nywibwa
    • Stative: -nywika
  • Nominal derivations:
    • ekinywansande (“type of black ant”)
    • omunywi (“drinker”)

References

  • Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎[4], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 247
  • Rubongoya, L. T. (2013), Katondogorozi y'Orunyoro-Rutooro n'Orungereza [Runyoro–Rutooro-English and English-Runyoro–Rutooro dictionary]‎[5], Kampala: Modrug Publishers, →ISBN, page 307
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.