forbeodan

From Proto-Germanic *furibeudaną, equivalent to for- +‎ bēodan. Cognate with Old High German firbiotan (German verbieten), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (faurbiudan).

• IPA^(key): /forˈbe͜oː.dɑn/

forbēodan

1. to forbid, prohibit, ban (+accusative a thing) (+ dative to someone)
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 3:1

     And sēo nǣddre cwæþ tō þām wīfe: "Hwȳ forbēad God ēow, þæt ġe ne ǣten of ælcum trēowe binnan Paradīsum?"

     And the snake said to the woman, "Why did God forbid you from eating from every tree within Paradise?"

2. to restrain or stop, prevent the action of

• When signifying an action that is forbidden, prohibited, or banned, an inflected infinitive or subordinate clause introduced by þæt may be used (when it is not indicated using a noun).
• Verbs in a subordinate clause following forbēodan are generally subjunctive, and are often (but not always) negated, unlike with Modern English forbid: Iċ forbēad mīnre dehter þæt hēo ne hlēope on þām hēahclēofan ("I forbade my daughter from dancing in the living room", literally "I forbade my daughter that she not dance in the living room").

• Middle English: forbeoden, forbeden, vorbeoden, verbeode, forboden, forbuden, forbiden, forbidden
  • English: forbid
  • Scots: forbede, forbeid, forbid, forbyd