caedes

caedes

1. second-person plural present indicative of caer

• caedis
• cēdēs (Medieval Latin)

From caedō (“to cut down, hew”) +‎ -ēs.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkae̯.deːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛː.d̪es]

caedēs f (genitive caedis); third declension

1. the act of cutting or lopping something off
2. the act of striking with the fist, a beating
3. (by extension) murder, assassination, killing, slaughter, massacre, carnage

   Synonym: interneciō

   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.2:

     Vīvit? Immō vērō etiam in Senātum venit, fit pūblicī cōnsiliī particeps, notat et dēsignat oculīs ad caedem ūnum quemque nostrum.

     He lives? Indeed, he even comes into the Senate, becomes a participant in the public deliberations, and with his eyes he recognizes and designates each one of us for slaughter.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.20-21:

     “[...] miserī post fāta Sychaeī / coniugis et sparsōs frāternā caede penātīs, [...].”

     “[...] ever since the wretched fate of Sychaeus, [my late] husband, [when] our hearth-gods were blood-stained by a fraternal murder, [...].”
     (Dido’s brother Pygmalion had murdered her husband Sychaeus, a grievous act which dishonored her familial penates.)

4. (metonymic) the corpses of the slain or murdered
5. (metonymic) the blood shed by murder, gore

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

• (murder): cruor, nex, occīsiō
• (corpse): corpus, fūnus, mors, cadāver
• (gore): cruor

• “caedes”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “caedes”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “caedes”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to threaten war, carnage: denuntiare bellum, caedem (Sest. 20. 46)
    
  • there was great slaughter of fugitives: magna caedes hostium fugientium facta est
    
  • to cause great slaughter, carnage: ingentem caedem edere (Liv. 5. 13)