ack d

Tashelhit

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Medieval Tashelhit آشكد (ackd, “to come”), from آشك (ack, “to leave, to get lost”) + د (d, “a directional clitic”), ultimately from Proto-Berber *aškəʔ (“to get lost, to leave”).

Compare Kabyle iruḥ-d (“he came”) and Central Atlas Tamazight ⴷⴷⵓ ⴷ (ddu d, “to come”).

Cognates include Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⵛⴽ (ack, “to get lost”), Tuareg ašk (“to get lost”), Awjila škí (“to get lost”), Ait Atta aššək (“to get lost”); unrelated to Tarifit as (“to come”) and its cognates.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /aʃk d/

Verb

ack d (intensive aorist ttacka d, Tifinagh spelling ⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ, Arabic spelling آشك د)

  1. to come, to arrive
    اوشكيغد زغ تمازيرت نّغ. ― uškiɣ d zɣ tmazirt nnɣ. ― I have come from my hometown.
  2. to suit, to fit
    يوشكاد ديس سّروال. ― yuškad dis ssrwal ad. ― these pants suit him well.

Derived terms

  • lli d yuckan (“the upcoming”)
  • mcacka (“to agree”)
  • ssack (“to bring in, to adjust”)

Descendants

  • → Andalusian Arabic: aškad (“hurry up”)
  • → Moroccan Amazigh: ⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ (ack d, “to come”)

References

  • Stroomer, Harry (2025), Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 1 a—e (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 188/1) (in French), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 477b
  • Marijn van Putten (2024), “Proto-Berber Heavy Verbs”, in The Handbook of Berber Linguistics, Springer Singapore, →DOI, →ISBN, page 309
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