Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ejg

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *egə, *ʔeχV, *heχV (per Werner 2002)
  • *eg (per Khabtagaeva 2019)
  • *weg (per Fortescue-Vajda 2022)
  • *egʌ (per Vajda-Werner 2022)

Reconstruction notes

In regards to the Proto-Na-Dené comparison, there is no evidence to support the presence of a sibilant that could correspond to *-š- in Yeniseian languages.

Etymology

Compared to Proto-Na-Dene *weˑšg (“metal, metal implement”); Proto-Athabaskan *weˑš (“knife, metal”),[1] Navajo béésh (“knife”) and Eyak weˑgš (“ulu, woman's scraper knife”).

Noun

*ejg (no plural)

  1. (metallurgy) iron, metal
    Synonym: *tip (“iron”)

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: ɨg (Mes.; Eed-Šeš dialect)
    • Imbak Ket: e (M.), eg (“iron, steel”) (W.)
      • Ket: е (ē), ег (ēɣ), ега (ēɣa)
      • ⇒ Ket: атәп (àtəp, “tong, iron bolt”)
    • Ostyak Yug: ej (M.)
      • Yug: е (ē)
  • ⇒ Proto-Ketic: *ejg-tejɬ (“anvil”, literally “iron-flooring”)
    • Ket: аӄатль (aqatlʲ), аӷатль (aʁatlʲ)[2]
    • Yug: ахатер (aχatɛr)
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Pumpokol: ag (“steel”) (M., W.)

See also

  • Proto-Yeniseian entry guidelines § Bibliography

References

  1. ^ Leer, Jeff (1996), Comparative Athabaskan Lexicon‎[1], volume we-wu (new), Alaska Native Language Archive, page 81
  2. ^ Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, pages 94-95

Further reading

  • Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), “128.) ~*wesg ~ *ejg”, in Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 388
  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*egʌ (2)”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 266
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “¹eˑ”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 271
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005), “iron”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 305
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