Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/asil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin asellus. Parallel borrowing with Gothic 𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍃 (asilus).

Noun

*asil m^[1]

donkey

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*asil(a)
Genitive	*asilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*asil(a)	*asilōs
Accusative	*asil(a)	*asilā
Genitive	*asilas	*asilō
Dative	*asilē	*asilum
Instrumental	*asilu	*asilum

Descendants

Old English: esol, eosol — Anglian, Kentish
- Middle English: asald
Old Frisian: *esel
- North Frisian: eesel
- Saterland Frisian: Íezel
- West Frisian: ezel
Old Saxon: esil
- Middle Low German: esel
  - Low German: Esel
  - Plautdietsch: Äsel
  - → Danish: æsel
    - → Faroese: esil
  - → Estonian: eesel (or from German)
  - → Norwegian: esel
  - → Polabian: asål
Old Dutch: esil
- Middle Dutch: ēsel
  - Dutch: ezel
    - Afrikaans: esel
      - → Sotho: esele
      - → Xhosa: i-esile
    - → English: easel
    - Negerhollands: esel
  - Limburgish: aezel
Old High German: esil
- Middle High German: esel
  - Alemannic German: Esel
  - Cimbrian: éezel
  - Central Franconian: Essel
  - German: Esel
    - → Estonian: eesel (or from Middle Low German)
    - → Lower Sorbian: ezel
    - → Tok Pisin: esel
  - Luxembourgish: Iesel
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: Esel
  - Yiddish: אייזל (eyzl)

References

^ Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 135: “PWGmc *asil”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 135: “PWGmc *asil”

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