Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-si

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

*-sï
*-i
*-ï

Suffix

*-si

Suffix equiping headword for third-person singular.
‎*tebe (“camel”) + ‎*-si → ‎*tebesi (“camel of (him/her/it); (his/her/its) camel”)

Usage notes

If the suffix comes to a word ending in a consonant, it takes *-i (or *-ï) form.
‎*eb (“house”) + ‎*-si → ‎*ebi (“house of (him/her/it); (his/her/its) house”)

However, Oghur languages only use -i instead of -si after vowels, by deleting the last vowel and adding the suffix (*ingek-i → Proto-Oghur *ine-i → Chuvash ӗни (ĕni) "his/her cow", from ӗне (ĕne)).
This word has a feature where there is an "unstable n" that occurs only when it is conjugated, so the form becomes *-sI(n-).
‎*tebesi (“(his/her/its) camel”) + ‎*-si → ‎*tebesinte (“at (his/her/its) camel (locative)”)

Related terms

*-niŋ (“genitive case”)
*-im (“suffix equiping headword for first-person singular”)
*-iŋ (“suffix equiping headword for second-person singular”)
*-imiŕ (“suffix equiping headword for first-person plural”)
*-iŋiŕ (“suffix equiping headword for second-person plural”)
*-ki (“suffix used to form a an adjectival or nominal that that indicates the possessor”)

Etymology 2

Alternative reconstructions

*-sī (by Clauson)

Suffix

*-si

Suffix forming simulative verbs

Related terms

*-sin
*-sük
*-ümsin
*-sig

Descendants

Proto-Common Turkic:

Kipchak:
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Kazakh: -сі (-sı)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972), “-sı:-/-si:-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page xlvi
Erdal, Marcel (1991), “-sIg”, in Old Turkic Word Formation‎^[1], Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 70</ref>