Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ēpe

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/apa

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

*ēpe (Common Turkic)

grandmother
Antonym: *tēte

Declension

Declension of *ēpe (Common Turkic)
	singular	plural ²⁾
nominative	*ēpe	*ēpeler
accusative
genitive	*ēpeniŋ	*ēpelerniŋ
dative	*ēpeke	*ēpelerke
locative	*ēpede	*ēpelerde
ablative	*ēpeden	*ēpelerden
instrumental ¹⁾		*ēpelerin
equative ¹⁾	*ēpeče	*ēpelerče

¹⁾ The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾ This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Related terms

*küküy (“elder sister of a male”)
*ečü (“elder brother of a male”)
*ini (“younger brother of a male”)
*siŋil (“younger sister of a male”)
*eke (“elder sister of a female”)
*tagay (“elder brother of a female”)
*yurč (“younger brother of a female”)
*bāldïŕ (“younger sister of a female”)
*kaŋ (“father”)
*ög (“mother”)
*ene (“mother”)
*ata (“father”)

Descendants

Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: əbə
Oghuz:
- Early Old Oghuz: ابا (ebe)
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: ابه (ebe)
    - Ottoman Turkish: ابه (ebe)
      - Turkish: ebe
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اپا (epe)
Kipchak: *ebey
- - Bulgar-Kipchak:
    - Tatar: әби (äbi)
      - → Chuvash: эпи (ep̬i)
- Cuman-Kipchak:
  - Mamluk-Kipchak: [script needed] (ebe)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: ебей (ebei)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: эбэ
  - Yakut: эбэ (ebe)

References

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074), Ercilasun, Ahmet B., Akkoyunlu Ziyat, transl., Kâşgarlı Mahmud Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Giriş - Metin - Çeviri - Notlar - Dizin [Mahmud al-Kashgari's “Compendium of the languages of the Turks” Introduction - Texts - Translation - Notes - Index] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 1120) (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 2020, →ISBN
Hunutlu, Ümit; Yıldırım, Mert (2023). “Köktürk ve Eski Uygur Yazılı Ürünlerinde Akrabalık Adları”, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Dergisi, 4/1: 1-26.