Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/patikárah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *pati- (“against, up to”) +‎ *karah (“something made, done”), from *Hákart (“to do, make”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákart.

Noun

*patikárah m[1]

  1. image, picture
  2. statue
  3. likeness, representation

Inflection

masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *patikárah *patikárā(w) *patikárāh(ah)
vocative *patikára *patikárā(w) *patikárāh(ah)
accusative *patikáram *patikárā(w) *patikárānh
instrumental *patikáraH *patikáraybʰyā(m) *patikárāyš
ablative *patikárāt *patikáraybʰyā(m) *patikáraybʰyah
dative *patikárāy *patikáraybʰyā(m) *patikáraybʰyah
genitive *patikárahya *patikárayāh *patikárānaHam
locative *patikáray *patikárayaw *patikárayšu

Descendants

  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (peckerek)
    • Sogdian: (/⁠patkare⁠/) (←? Old Persian[2])
      • Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫤𐫞𐫡𐫏 (ptqry), 𐫛𐫤𐫐𐫡𐫀𐫐 (ptkrʾk), 𐫛𐫤𐫐𐫀𐫡𐫀 (ptkʾrʾ), 𐫛𐫤𐫐𐫡𐫞 (ptkrq)
      • Sogdian: 𐼾𐽂𐼸𐽀𐼰𐼸 (ptkrʾk)
      • Old Sogdian script: 𐼔𐼚𐼋𐼘𐼀𐼋 (ptkrʾk), 𐼔𐼚𐼋𐼘𐼀𐼊 (ptkrʾy)
      • Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (ptqrʾy), [Syriac needed] (ptqry)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎣𐎼 (p-t-i-k-r /⁠patikaraʰ⁠/)
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠pahikar⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫍𐫏𐫐𐫡 (phykr)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ptkl)
        Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭲𐭪𐭫𐭩 (ptkly)
      • → Aramaic:[3]
        Biblical Aramaic: פתכר (ptkr, “sculpture, sculpted image”)[4] [4th–5th c., Kesecek Köyü]
        Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פתיכרי (ptkrʾ /⁠pṯaḵrā⁠/)
        Classical Syriac: ܦܬܟܪܐ (pəṯaḵrā, “idol, image”)
        • → Arabic: فِتَكْر (fitakr, “misfortune, formidable thing”)
      • → Elamite:
        Achaemenid Elamite: 𒁁𒋾𒆳𒌇 (bat-ti-kur-raš₂ /⁠batikuraš⁠/), 𒁁𒋾𒋼𒀀𒊏𒌝 (bat-ti-kar-ra-um /⁠batikaraum⁠/)[3]

References

  1. ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), “*kar-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 252
  2. ^ Gharib, B. (1995), “ptkrʾk”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 311
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tavernier, Jan (2007), Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 35, 79
  4. ^ Donner, Herbert; Röllig, Wolfgang (2002), “258”, in Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften, 5th edition (overall work in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 63
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