Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/spey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*spey-[1][2]

  1. long, thin, sharp

Extensions

  • *spey-d-
    • *spid-yo-
      • Proto-Germanic: *spitjaz; *spitją; *spitjǭ
        • Old High German: spizza, spizzī
    • *spid-us
  • *spey-g-
    • *speyg-o-[2]
      • Proto-Germanic: *spīkaz
        • Old Norse: spíkr
    • *speyg-ros[4]
    • *spoyg-
      • Proto-Germanic: *spaikǭ[5]
        • Old English: spāca
        • Old Frisian:
          • Eastern Frisian: spēke
          • North Frisian: speak
        • Middle Dutch: spake, speke
        • Old Saxon: spēka
        • Old High German: speihha
          • Middle High German: speiche
    • Unsorted formations:
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
        • Lithuanian: speiglei̇̃s (“thorns”)
  • *spey-l-
    • *speyl-os
      • Proto-Germanic: *spīlaz[6]
        • Old Frisian:
          • Eastern Frisian: spyl
          • North Frisian: spīl
          • West Frisian: spile
        • Middle Low German: spīle
        • Middle Dutch: spīle
        • German: Speil
        • Old Norse:

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *spey- (9 c, 0 e)
  • *spey-neh₂[1]
  • *spey-k/ḱeh₂
    • Proto-Italic: *speikā
  • *spey-ro-[7]
    • Proto-Germanic: *spīrǭ, *spīrō, *spīraz, *spīriz
      • Proto-West Germanic: *spīrā; *spīri f; *spīru f; *spīr m or n
        • Old English: spīr ? (Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru)
        • Old Frisian: *spīr
          • Saterland Frisian: Spier, Spíer n
          • West Frisian: spier c or n
        • Old Saxon: spīr f (i-stem)
          • Middle Low German: spîr m or n
        • Old Dutch: *spīr
        • Old High German: spīr (in spīrboum)
          • Middle High German: spīre f; spir (in spirboum); spier n (in grasspier)
            • German: Speier m or f (dialectal)
      • Old Norse: spíra
Unsorted formations
  • Proto-Iranian: *spūkah (perhaps)
    • Classical Persian: سپوخ (/⁠sipūx⁠/, “sharp point; arrow; sharp blade”) [8]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “spīna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 580-581
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “spīca”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 580
  3. ^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “spit”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎[1] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  4. ^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “spijker”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎[2] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  5. ^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “spaak”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  6. ^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “spijl”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎[4] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  7. ^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “spier”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎[5] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  8. ^ [6], "سپوخ" in Dehkhoda Dictionary.

Further reading

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