Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/penkʷ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction notes

  • Hypothesized to be a root of the following derivations in Proto-Indo-European languages:

    Such a verb is not attested in any of the daughter languages. In contrast, Blažek (1999: 229) argues that the meanings “fist”, etc. are primary.[1] A relation to *ponkʷ-to- (“all, whole”) has also been suggested, possibly seen in Latin cūnctus and Hittite 𒉺𒀭𒆪𒍑 (pa-an-ku-uš, “family”), thus *pénkʷe meaning “the whole (hand)”.[2]

    Root

    *penkʷ-

    1. fist ?
    2. to take in hand, to handle ?

    Derived terms

    • *pénkʷe (“five”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *penkʷ-ró-s (“finger”)
      • Proto-Germanic: *fingraz (“finger”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *pn̥kʷ-sti-s (“fist”)
      • Proto-Germanic: *funhstiz
        • Proto-West Germanic: *fūsti (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Slavic: *pę̑stь (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Franklin E. Horowitz (1992). “On the Proto-Indo-European etymon for ‘hand’.” WORD―Journal of the International Linguistic Association, 43(3), 411-419.
    2. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

    Further reading

    • Blažek, Václav (1999), Numerals: comparative-etymological analyses of numeral systems and their implications (Opera Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis, Facultas philosophica; 322)‎[1], Brno: Masarykova Univerzita
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.