Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swaigijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Compare Lithuanian svai̇̃gti (“to waver”).^[1]

Verb

*swaigijaną

to fall, droop, or stoop

Inflection

Conjugation of *swaigijaną (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*swaigijō	*swaigijaų	—	*swaigijai	?
2nd singular	*swaigīsi	*swaigijais	*swaigī	*swaigijasai	*swaigijaisau
3rd singular	*swaigīþi	*swaigijai	*swaigijaþau	*swaigijaþai	*swaigijaiþau
1st dual	*swaigijōs	*swaigijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*swaigijaþiz	*swaigijaiþiz	*swaigijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*swaigijamaz	*swaigijaim	—	*swaigijanþai	*swaigijainþau
2nd plural	*swaigīþ	*swaigijaiþ	*swaigīþ	*swaigijanþai	*swaigijainþau
3rd plural	*swaigijanþi	*swaigijain	*swaigijanþau	*swaigijanþai	*swaigijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swaigidǭ	*swaigidēdį̄
2nd singular	*swaigidēz	*swaigidēdīz
3rd singular	*swaigidē	*swaigidēdī
1st dual	*swaigidēdū	*swaigidēdīw
2nd dual	*swaigidēdudiz	*swaigidēdīdiz
1st plural	*swaigidēdum	*swaigidēdīm
2nd plural	*swaigidēdud	*swaigidēdīd
3rd plural	*swaigidēdun	*swaigidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*swaigijandz	*swaigidaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *swaigijan
- Old English: *swǣġan
  - Middle English: sweyen, swe, sweȝe, swey, swie (Berkshire)
    - English: sway
    - Middle Scots: suey, swey, sweye
      - Scots: swey, swee, swie, swye
    - Yola: zwae
Old Norse: sveigja
- Icelandic: sveigja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: sveia, sveie, sveiga, sveige

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*swaiʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 389

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003), “*swaiʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 389

[1]