Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/balkô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

  • Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”). However, in light of Winter's law as applied to Balto-Slavic cognates such as Proto-Slavic *bolzìna (“beam, board”) and Lithuanian balži̇́enas (“cross-beam”), Kroonen prefers to derive the root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ-on-, from *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”), and notes relation to Proto-Germanic *balgiz (“bag”) in spite of the divergent semantics.[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈbɑl.kɔːː/

    Noun

    *balkô m

    1. beam, balk

    Inflection

    Declension of *balkô (masculine an-stem)
    singular plural
    nominative *balkô *balkaniz
    vocative *balkô *balkaniz
    accusative *balkanų *balkanunz
    genitive *balkiniz *balkanǫ̂
    dative *balkini *balkammaz
    instrumental *balkinē *balkammiz

    Descendants

    • Proto-West Germanic: *balkō, *balk
      • Old English: bælca, bealca
      • Old Frisian: balka
        • Saterland Frisian: Boolke
        • West Frisian: balke
      • Old Saxon: balko
      • Old Dutch: *balco
      • Old High German: balko, balcho, palcho, balco
      • Lombardic: palk
      • → Medieval Latin: balcō [c. 1040, Goscelin] (see there for further descendants)
    • Old Norse: bǫlkr (< *balkuz)
    • Old Norse: bjalki (< *belkô)
    • >? Old Norse: *bjalk (< *belkō)

    References

    1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*belkan- ~ *balkan- ~ *bulkan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58
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