Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mi

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *mi.

Pronoun

*mi

  1. what (interrogative)

Inflection

Inflection of *mi
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *mi *mit
accusative *min *mit
genitive *min *miden
*miden
partitive *mitä *mitä
inessive *missä
*mihnä 		*missä
*mihnä
elative *mistä *mistä
illative *misen *misen
adessive *millä *millä
ablative *miltä *miltä
allative *milen
*milek 		*milen
*milek
essive *minä *minä
translative *miksi *miksi
instructive *min *min
comitative *minek *minek
abessive *mittä *mittä

Descendants

In many descendants, certain case forms are extended with the particle *-ka (compare *ku and possibly *joka).

  • Estonian: mis (genitive mille, partitive mida; nominative -s from see; the stem is extended to mill- in most forms); miks
  • Finnish: mikä (genitive minkä, partitive mitä)
  • Ingrian: mikä (genitive minen, partitive mitä); mi (rare), min
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: mi
    • South Karelian: mi
  • ⇒ Livonian: mis
  • Livvi: mi
  • Ludian: mi
  • Veps: mi
  • Võro: miä (genitive mink, partitive midä/mitä)
  • Votic: mikä, (Mati) mi

Further reading

  • Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*mi⇒”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[1] (in Finnish)
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