𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌞

Oscan

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.

The attested forms tautam (acc.sg.) and toutad (abl.sg.) point to the first declension. The nominative is attested as τωϝτο.

Orthography

Buck states that in Oscan the Proto-Italic first-declension nominative singular ending *-ā underwent final rounding to [ɔː] and is written as ú ⟨𐌞⟩, which denotes /o/, more rarely as u ⟨𐌖⟩. Accordingly, the final -ο of τωϝτο corresponds to -ú ⟨𐌞⟩. Further, in the Greek-script tradition, η and ω do not mark quantity; the sequence ωϝ is used for the diphthong /ou/. Compare ζωϝηι (zōwēi) and 𐌃𐌉𐌞𐌅𐌄𐌝 (diúveí), διωϝιιας (diōwiias) and 𐌃𐌉𐌞𐌅𐌉𐌉𐌀𐌔 (diúviias), and λωϝκιηις (lōwkiēis) and 𐌋𐌞𐌅𐌊𐌉𐌔 (lúvkis).

Noun

𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌞 • (toutú)

community, country, people

Declension

Declension of 𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌞 (toutú)
	singular	plural
nominative	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌞 toutú	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌔 toutas
accusative	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌌 / 𐌕𐌀𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌌 toutam / tautam	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌔𐌔 toutass
genitive	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌔 toutas	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌔𐌞𐌌 toutasúm
ablative	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌃 / 𐌕𐌀𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌃 toutad / tautad	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌝𐌔 toutaís
dative	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌝 toutaí	𐌕𐌞𐌅𐌕𐌀𐌝𐌔 toutaís
Notes
Forms marked with an asterisk () are assumed based on the first declension of the Oscan language. Attested are tautam* (acc.sg.) and toutad (abl.sg.). The nominative singular is attested in Greek script as τωϝτο (tōwto). When Oscan is transliterated into Latin script, ú is used to signify an "o" sound, while í signifies a close e.

References

Buck, Carl Darling (1904), A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 618
Zair, Nicholas (2016), Oscan in the Greek Alphabet, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 144–146