訴訟

See also: 诉讼

Chinese

		complain; sue; tell	litigation
trad. (訴訟)		訴	訟
simp. (诉讼)		诉	讼

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sùsòng

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ ㄙㄨㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sou³ zung⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): su-siung

(Hailu, HRS): su^ˇ siung^˖
Eastern Min (BUC): só-sê̤ṳng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sò͘-siōng

(Teochew, Peng'im): su³ song⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sùsòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ ㄙㄨㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sùsòng
  - Wade–Giles: su⁴-sung⁴
  - Yale: sù-sùng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suhsonq
  - Palladius: сусун (susun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹⁻⁵³ sʊŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sou³ zung⁶
  - Yale: sou juhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sou³ dzung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sou³ zung⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sou̯³³ t͡sʊŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: su-siung
  - Hakka Romanization System: su xiung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: su⁴ xiung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /su⁵⁵ si̯uŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: su^ˇ siung^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /su¹¹ siuŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: só-sê̤ṳng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(s-)løyŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sò͘-siōng
  - Tâi-lô: sòo-siōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sorsiong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ siɔŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: su³ song⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sù sŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su²¹³⁻⁵⁵ soŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: suH zjowng|zjowngH

Rime
Character	訴	訟	訟
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	邪 (17)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	桑故切	祥容切	似用切
Baxter	suH	zjowng	zjowngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suo^H/	/zɨoŋ/	/zɨoŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/suo^H/	/zioŋ/	/zioŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/so^H/	/zioŋ/	/zioŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɔ^H/	/zuawŋ/	/zuawŋ^H/
Li Rong	/so^H/	/zioŋ/	/zioŋ^H/
Wang Li	/su^H/	/zĭwoŋ/	/zĭwoŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/suo^H/	/zi̯woŋ/	/zi̯woŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sù	sóng	sòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sou³	cung⁴	zung⁶

Verb

訴訟

to file a lawsuit; to litigate; to sue
撤回訴訟／撤回诉讼 ― chèhuí sùsòng ― to drop a case

刑事訴訟／刑事诉讼 ― xíngshì sùsòng ― criminal case

民事訴訟／民事诉讼 ― mínshì sùsòng ― civil litigation

討薪訴訟／讨薪诉讼 ― tǎoxīn sùsòng ― wage litigation

訴訟當事人／诉讼当事人 ― sùsòng dāngshìrén ― litigant

訴訟代理人／诉讼代理人 ― sùsòng dàilǐrén ― litigation representative

對某人提起訴訟／对某人提起诉讼 ― duì mǒurén tíqǐ sùsòng ― to take legal proceedings against someone
- 西州豪右并兼，吏多姦貪，訴訟日百數。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  西州豪右并兼，吏多奸贪，诉讼日百数。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE
  Xīzhōu háoyòu bìngjiān, lì duō jiāntān, sùsòng rì bǎi shù. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

告
告狀 / 告状 (gàozhuàng)
告訴 / 告诉 (gàosù)
打官司
指控 (zhǐkòng)
控告 (kònggào)
控訴 / 控诉 (kòngsù)
檢控 / 检控 (jiǎnkòng) (chiefly Hong Kong)
爭訟 / 争讼 (zhēngsòng) (to litigate to resolve a dispute)
訴追 / 诉追 (sùzhuī)
起訴 / 起诉 (qǐsù)
追訴 / 追诉 (zhuīsù)

Derived terms

共同訴訟 / 共同诉讼
刑事訴訟 / 刑事诉讼
民事訴訟 / 民事诉讼
民事訴訟法 / 民事诉讼法
行政訴訟 / 行政诉讼
訴訟代理人 / 诉讼代理人
訴訟擔保 / 诉讼担保
訴訟權 / 诉讼权 (sùsòngquán)
訴訟法 / 诉讼法
訴訟請求 / 诉讼请求 (sùsòng qǐngqiú)
訴訟費 / 诉讼费 (sùsòngfèi)
選舉訴訟 / 选举诉讼
集體訴訟 / 集体诉讼 (jítǐ sùsòng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (訴訟):

→ Japanese: 訴(そ)訟(しょう) (soshō)
→ Korean: 소송(訴訟) (sosong)
→ Vietnamese: tố tụng (訴訟)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
訴	訟
そ Grade: S	しょう Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そしょー [sòshóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [so̞ɕo̞ː]

Noun

訴(そ)訟(しょう) • (soshō)

(law) lawsuit (a case where a court is needed to resolve differences)

Verb

訴(そ)訟(しょう)する • (soshō suru) intransitive suru (stem 訴(そ)訟(しょう)し (soshō shi), past 訴(そ)訟(しょう)した (soshō shita))

(law) sue; file a lawsuit

Conjugation

Conjugation of "訴訟する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	訴訟し	そしょうし	soshō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	訴訟し	そしょうし	soshō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	訴訟する	そしょうする	soshō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	訴訟する	そしょうする	soshō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	訴訟すれ	そしょうすれ	soshō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	訴訟せよ¹ 訴訟しろ²	そしょうせよ¹ そしょうしろ²	soshō seyo¹ soshō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	訴訟される	そしょうされる	soshō sareru
Causative	訴訟させる訴訟さす	そしょうさせるそしょうさす	soshō saseru soshō sasu
Potential	訴訟できる	そしょうできる	soshō dekiru
Volitional	訴訟しよう	そしょうしよう	soshō shiyō
Negative	訴訟しない	そしょうしない	soshō shinai
Negative continuative	訴訟せず	そしょうせず	soshō sezu
Formal	訴訟します	そしょうします	soshō shimasu
Perfective	訴訟した	そしょうした	soshō shita
Conjunctive	訴訟して	そしょうして	soshō shite
Hypothetical conditional	訴訟すれば	そしょうすれば	soshō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“訴訟”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja in this term
訴	訟

Noun

訴訟 • (sosong) (hangeul 소송)

hanja form^? of 소송 (“lawsuit”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
訴	訟

Verb

訴訟

chữ Hán form of tố tụng (“to file a lawsuit”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]