甲斐
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (甲斐) | 甲 | 斐 | |
| simp. #(甲斐) | 甲 | 斐 | |
Etymology
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲斐 (Kai).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Jiǎfěi [Phonetic: jiáfěi]
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄈㄟˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Jiǎfěi
- Wade–Giles: Chia3-fei3
- Yale: Jyǎ-fěi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jeafeei
- Palladius: Цзяфэй (Czjafɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Proper noun
甲斐
- (～市) Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)
- an orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 甲斐, Kai
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 甲 | 斐 |
| かっ > か Grade: S (ateji) |
ひ > い Jinmeiyō (ateji) |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 詮 効 |
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1]
Derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 代う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”),[1][2] with the basic sense being "that which should be the result, outcome, or replacement".[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
Derived terms
Proper noun
- Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)
- Kai (a historical province of Japan, roughly corresponding to present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)
- Synonyms: 甲斐国 (Kai no kuni), 甲州 (Kōshu)
- a surname
- a male given name
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 甲 | 斐 |
| かっ > が Grade: S (ateji) |
ひ > い Jinmeiyō (ateji) |
| on'yomi | |
Shift from 甲斐 (kai). The kai changes to gai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).[3][4][5][6]
First attested in a text from 1797.[4]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡa̠i]
- The pitch accent depends on the entire suffixed term.
Suffix
- value, reward, avail, being fruitful or worth doing
- 生きがいのある人生を送る
- ikigai no aru jinsei o okuru
- to live a life worth living
- 生きがいのある人生を送る
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “甲斐・詮”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 “がい”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ “甲斐”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ^ Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
- “〈甲▲斐〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][4] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025