得る

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
獲る

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1]

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 得る
Plain 得る [éꜜrù]
Conjunctive 得て [éꜜtè]
Perfective 得た [éꜜtà]
Negative 得ない ない [éꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 得なかった なかった [éꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 得れば れば [éꜜrèbà]
Past conditional 得たら たら [éꜜtàrà]
Imperative 得ろ
得よ

[éꜜrò]
[éꜜyò]
Volitional 得よう [èyóꜜò]
Desiderative 得たい [ètáꜜì]
Formal 得ます [èmáꜜsù]
Formal negative 得ません ませ [èmáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 得ましょう ましょ [èmáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 得ました した [èmáꜜshìtà]
Continuative
得に

[éꜜ]
[éꜜ nì]
Negative continuative 得ず
得ずに

ずに
[éꜜzù]
[éꜜzù nì]
Passive 得られる られ [èráréꜜrù]
Causative 得させる
得さす
させ
[èsáséꜜrù]
[èsáꜜsù]
Potential 得られる
得れる
られ
[èráréꜜrù]
[èréꜜrù]

Verb

() • (erutransitive ichidan (stem () (e), past () (eta))

  1. [from 759] to get, acquire, gain, obtain, win, catch
  2. [from 1073] (following a verb in the attributive conjugation plus particle (o) or abstract noun (koto, fact, instance, occurrence)) to be able to, can (compare English get to do)
  3. [from 1073] (by extension; in the form ざるを()ない (-zaru o enai) following the imperfective form of a verb) cannot help but doing, cannot but do

Conjugation

Synonyms

Antonyms

See also

Suffix

Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
kun'yomi

() • (-uru

  1. [from 759] to be able to, -able
    出来(でき)()(かぎ)吾輩(わがはい)()れてくれた主人(しゅじん)(そば)いる(こと)つとめた
    Dekiuru kagiri wagahai o irete kureta shujin no soba ni iru koto o tsutometa.
    I tried to be at the side of the master who let me in as much as possible.

Conjugation

References

  1. ^ 得・獲”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN