Ἀρκάς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Named after Ἀρκάς (Arkás, “Arcas”), son of Zeus and king of Arcadia, from Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀏 (a-ka), 𐀀𐀏𐀆 (a-ka-de), from Proto-Hellenic *árktos (“bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos. Probably folk etymology, more likely Arcadia had an abundance of bears.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς • (Ărkắs) m or f (genitive Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δος); third declension

  1. an inhabitant of Arcadia; an Arcadian

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς; τοῦ / τῆς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ / ἡ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς
ho / hē Ărkắs 		τὼ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δε
tṑ Ărkắde 		οἱ / αἱ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δες
hoi / hai Ărkắdes
Genitive τοῦ / τῆς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δος
toû / tês Ărkắdos 		τοῖν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δοιν
toîn Ărkắdoin 		τῶν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δων
tôn Ărkắdōn
Dative τῷ / τῇ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δῐ
tōî / tēî Ărkắdĭ 		τοῖν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δοιν
toîn Ărkắdoin 		τοῖς / ταῖς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́σῐ / Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́σῐν
toîs / taîs Ărkắsĭ(n)
Accusative τὸν / τὴν Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δᾰ
tòn / tḕn Ărkắdă 		τὼ Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δε
tṑ Ărkắde 		τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δᾰς
toùs / tā̀s Ărkắdăs
Vocative Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́ς
Ărkắs 		Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δε
Ărkắde 		Ᾰ̓ρκᾰ́δες
Ărkắdes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Latin: Arcas
  • Greek: Αρκάς (Arkás), Αρκάδας m (Arkádas), Αρκάδα f (Arkáda), Αρκάδες pl (Arkádes)

References

  • Blažek, Václav (2017): Indo-European Bear

Further reading

  • “Ἀρκάς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “Ἀρκάς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • Ἀρκάς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
  • “Ἀρκάς”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,002
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