ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ

Mongolian

MongolianCyrillic
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
(mongɣol)
монгол
(mongol)

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol), from Middle Mongol ᠮᠣᠩᠬᠣᠯ (mongqol), ᠮᠣᠩᠬ᠋ᠣᠯ (mongqol).

Sükhbataar (1992) and de la Vaissière (2021) derive this ethnonym from the Rouran Khaganate's progenitor's personal Tuoba name, which is transliterated as 木骨閭 (MC muwk kwot ljo) and glossed as 首禿 "bald-headed" in Chinese-language sources.[1][2] The original Tuoba word has been proposed to be cognate with Middle Mongol [script needed] (muqular, bald, hornless) (> Mongolian мухар (muxar, bald, hornless, tailless; blunt, dull)) and reconstructed as muqo-lo ~ moqo-lo by Vovin (2007: 200-202)[3] and mʊqʊlɪ by Shimunek (2017: 147-148).[4]

Compare Buryat монгол (mongol), Written Oirat ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ (mongɣol), Kalmyk моңһл (moñğl); Tuvan моол (mool), Khakas моол (mool), Southern Altai моҥол (moŋol); Jurchen [script needed] (*moŋgu), Manchu ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ (monggo); etc.

Pronunciation

Noun

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ • (mongɣol)[5]

  1. Mongol (person or people)
  2. (attributively) Mongolian
    ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
    ᠬᠡᠯᠡ
    mongɣol keleMongolian language

Declension

Declension of ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
nominative and indefinite accusative genitive dative–locative definite accusative ablative instrumental comitative directional
attributive singular
substantive
plural
substantive
adverbial adjectival locative modern archaic
singular ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ (mongɣol-un) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢ (mongɣol-un-ki) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ (mongɣol-un-kin) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠳ᠋ᠤ (mongɣol-du) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ (mongɣol-daki) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠢ᠋ (mongɣol-i) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ (mongɣol-ača) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ (mongɣol-iyar) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ (mongɣol-tai) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠯᠤᠭ᠌ᠠ (mongɣol luɣa) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ
(mongɣol uruɣu)
plural ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ (mongɣolčud) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ (mongɣolčud-un) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢ (mongɣolčud-un-ki)1 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ (mongɣolčud-un-kin) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ (mongɣolčud-tu) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ (mongɣolčud-daki) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳᠢ᠋ (mongɣolčud-i) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ (mongɣolčud-ača) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ (mongɣolčud-iyar) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ (mongɣolčud-tai) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠯᠤᠭ᠌ᠠ (mongɣolčud luɣa) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ
ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ
(mongɣolčud uruɣu)

Derived terms

  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠤᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ (mongɣolurqaqu)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ (mongɣolurqag)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠰᠢᠬᠤ (mongɣolsiqu)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠢ (mongɣolči)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ (mongɣolčilaqu, to translate into Mongolian)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ (mongɣolčilag_a, Mongolian translation)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ (mongɣolǰin)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ (mongɣolǰiqu, to get Mongolised)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠭᠤ (mongɣolǰiɣu)
  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠭᠤᠨ (mongɣolǰiɣun, Mongolised)

See Also

  • ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ (mongɣor, Monguor)

References

  1. ^ Г. Сүхбаатар (1992), “Монгол Нирун улс [Mongol Nirun (Rouran) state]”, in Монголын эртний түүх судлал, III боть [Historiography of Ancient Mongolia, Volume III] (in Mongolian), volume 3, pages 330–550
  2. ^ de la Vaissière, É. (2021). “The Origin of the Name ‘Mongol’”. International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics, 3(2), 266-271. tentative draft
  3. ^ Vovin, A. (2007). “Once Again on the Tabgač Language”. Mongolian Studies, 29, 191–206. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43193441
  4. ^ Shimunek, Andrew E (2017), Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: A Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology
  5. ^ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ”, in ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
    ᠵᠥᠪ
    ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ
    ᠲᠣᠯᠢ
    (in Mongolian), 3rd edition, Hohhot: Inner Mongolia People’s Publishing House, 2019, →ISBN, page 462, column 1