ܟܘܠܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܟ ܠ ܒ (k l b)
3 terms

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܟܘܠܒܐ (kulbā), from Akkadian 𒅗𒆷𒁍 (kalappu).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard) IPA(key): [kul.bɑː]
  • (Urmia) IPA(key): [t͡ʃʊl.vɑː]

Noun

ܟܘܼܠܒܵܐ • (kulbām (plural ܟܘܼܠܒܹ̈ܐ (kulbē))

  1. (formal, literary) pickaxe
    Synonyms: ܚܲܨܝܼܢܵܐ (ḥaṣīnā), ܩܲܙܡܵܐ (qazmā), ܒܝܵܛܵܐ (byāṭā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܟܘܼܠܒܵܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute ܟܠܘܿܒ݂ (klōḇ) 1st person ܟܘܼܠܒܝܼ (kulbī) ܟܘܼܠܒܲܢ (kulban)
construct ܟܠܘܿܒ݂ (klōḇ) 2nd person ܟܘܼܠܒܘܼܟ݂ (kulbōḵ) ܟܘܼܠܒܵܟ݂ܝ (kulbāḵ) ܟܘܼܠܒܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kulbawḵōn)
emphatic ܟܘܼܠܒܵܐ (kulbā) 3rd person ܟܘܼܠܒܹܗ (kulbēh) ܟܘܼܠܒܵܗ̇ (kulbāh) ܟܘܼܠܒܗܘܿܢ (kulbhōn)
plural absolute ܟܘܼܠܒܝܼ̈ܢ (kulbīn) 1st person ܟܘܼܠܒܝܼ̈ (kulbī) ܟܘܼܠܒܲܢ̈ (kulban)
construct ܟܘܼܠܒܲܝ̈ (kulbay) 2nd person ܟܘܼܠܒܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kulbōḵ) ܟܘܼܠܒܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kulbāḵ) ܟܘܼܠܒܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kulbawḵōn)
emphatic ܟܘܼܠܒܹ̈ܐ (kulbē) 3rd person ܟܘܼܠܒܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kulbūh) ܟܘܼܠܒܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (kulbōh) ܟܘܼܠܒܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (kulbayhōn)

See also

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Akkadian 𒅗𒆷𒁍 (kalappu), though even Zimmern suggested that the Aramaic is cognate, which independently of this question might as well be the case with Arabic كُلَّاب (kullāb, hook), because Classical Mandaic ࡊࡅࡋࡀࡁ (kulab, attested but in the construct state), means “hook”. Note Coptic ⲕⲉⲗⲉⲃⲓⲛ (kelebin, axe).

Noun

ܟܽܘܠܒܳܐ • (kulbām (plural ܟܽܘܠܒܶܐ (kulbē))

  1. axe, hatchet
  2. spade

Inflection

Inflection of ܟܘܠܒܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f m f
singular absolute ܟܘܠܒ 1st person ܟܘܠܒܝ ܟܘܠܒܢ
construct ܟܘܠܒ 2nd person ܟܘܠܒܟ ܟܘܠܒܟܝ ܟܘܠܒܟܘܢ ܟܘܠܒܟܝܢ
emphatic ܟܘܠܒܐ 3rd person ܟܘܠܒܗ ܟܘܠܒܗ ܟܘܠܒܗܘܢ ܟܘܠܒܗܝܢ
plural absolute ܟܘܠܒܝܢ 1st person ܟܘܠܒܝ ܟܘܠܒܝܢ
construct ܟܘܠܒܝ 2nd person ܟܘܠܒܝܟ ܟܘܠܒܝܟܝ ܟܘܠܒܝܟܘܢ ܟܘܠܒܝܟܝܢ
emphatic ܟܘܠܒܐ 3rd person ܟܘܠܒܘܗܝ ܟܘܠܒܝܗ ܟܘܠܒܝܗܘܢ ܟܘܠܒܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܟܘܼܠܒܵܐ (kulbā) (learned)

(taking Classical Syriac as representative of all Aramaic:)

  • Northern Kurdish: kulbe
    • Northern Kurdish: kulbik
      • Turkish: kulbik
    • Armenian: քուլպա / քուլպայ (kʻulpa), քուրպա / քուրպայ (kʻurpa), քյուլպե / քիւլպէ (kʻyulpe), քուլբա (kʻulba)
    • Turkish: külbe, kürbe
    • Zazaki: kulbe, kulbı

References

  • kwlb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Brockelmann, Carl (1928), Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, pages 328b–329a
  • Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 152b
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 87–88
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1875), Mandäische Grammatik[1] (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, →DOI, page 120
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 208b
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 607a
  • Zimmern, Heinrich (1915), Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 12

Further reading

  • Chyet, Michael L. (2020), “kulbe”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume I, London: Transnational Press, page 423a
  • Dankoff, Robert (1995), Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, § 799, pages 157–158
  • Mkrtčjan, N. A. (2005), Семитские языки и армянский [Semitic Languages and Armenian]‎[2] (in Russian), Yerevan: Drazark, →ISBN, pages 207–208