бьцела
Old Novgorodian
Alternative forms
- бцела (bcʹjela) — Late Old Novgorodian
Etymology
First attested in c. 1300‒1320. Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьčelà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bikelā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰi-k-el-éh₂, from *bʰey- (“bee”). Cognate with Old East Slavic бьчела (bĭčela), Old Ruthenian бчола́ (bčolá), Old Church Slavonic бьчела / ⰱⱐⱍⰵⰾⰰ (bĭčela), Old Polish pszczoła.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: бь‧це‧ла
Noun
бьцела • (bĭcʹjela) f[1]
- bee
- (plural only) hive, beehive
- c. 1300‒1320, Берестяная грамота № 766 [Birchbark letter no. 766][2], Novgorod:
- … себѣ которои вꙁѧли бч(елꙑ) …
- … sebě kotoroi vzęli bcʹ(jely) …
- … to himself, who took the hives …
- c. 1300‒1320, Schaeken, Jos (2019), Voices on Birchbark (SSGL; 43)[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, transl., Берестяная грамота № Твер. 5 [Birchbark letter no. Tver. 5][4], Tver:
- … · шюига дубие переписꙑваете а [б]целꙑ ти лаꙁило · ѧꙁо дубие ѿимаю по своеи мети а тесно сотесꙑваете · то мои дубо · ваше бортико ꙩкралосѧ первꙑ · …
- … · šjuiga dubije perepisyvajete a [b]cʹjely ti lazilo · jęzo dubije otimaju po svojei meti a tesno sotesyvajete · to moi dubo · vaše bortiko okralosę pervy · …
- Šujga is overwriting (the marks on) the oaks and has taken out honey from the hives, (saying:) “I am taking away the oaks on my own mark.” He is cutting away the ownership-mark, (saying:) “This is my oak. Your former beekeeper has fallen into robbery.”
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | бьцела bĭcʹjela |
бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
| genitive | бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
бьцелоу bĭcʹjelu |
бьцелъ bĭcʹjelŭ |
| dative | бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
бьцелама bĭcʹjelama |
бьцеламъ bĭcʹjelamŭ |
| accusative | бьцелѫ bĭcʹjelǫ |
бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
| instrumental | бьцелоѭ bĭcʹjelojǫ |
бьцелама bĭcʹjelama |
бьцелами bĭcʹjelami |
| locative | бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
бьцелоу bĭcʹjelu |
бьцелахъ bĭcʹjelaxŭ |
| vocative | бьцело bĭcʹjelo |
бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
бьцелѣ bĭcʹjelě |
References
- ^ Zaliznyak, Andrey (2004), Древненовгородский диалект [Old Novgorod dialect][1] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 714
Further reading
- “бчела”, in “Birchbark Letters Corpus”, in Russian National Corpus, https://ruscorpora.ru, 2003–2025