Page:The Indian Antiquary, Vol. 4-1875.djvu/201

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188 THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY. raton. In spite of proximity to the sos, the in- habitants of Britain say swow; while, in spite of distance from the sea, southern sa well as northern Cermany says schnee. Mr. Beames also mention. candancy to nɛe T for 7 as showing the mame effect in the Konkat Well, hut all Möhäistra makes the infinitive cud în if, while in Hindi à in ; and we cannot see how climate can necdunt for the distinction. Notiden, is ont the cerebral n A stronger, cunliar latter than tho dental m/ Rut now to have done with fault-finding-tho only error wo bave detected in the Introduction 18 in the following passage. In Marathi tho cansal verb in formed by the insertion of the syllablen ovi, or fos, vr voci, az márnen, "to kill" [this should have been written måragen; it in a trixyllable]; máruvineň, "to couse to kill;" khônen, " to cat;” khävavinen, "to cause to ext;” soḍnan [rightly, wodaṇen], "to Ionne” noḍarmen,

to vanse to loose." So far Mr. Beazer; but

soḍaviņun significa "to cause to be loosed," not "to entre to Jonan”, and måraviņam signifies “to use to be killed." not "to vam to kill.” Khá marinen, on the other hand, sloss dignify "to cADBO to eat." There are causals and enumsls; causale slerived from verba transitive, and cacaals derived from vorbe intraositive; and the syntax becomHAR a chaos when this distinction is overlooked. H The following mode of grouping the languages will reveal at a glasen the relative character of their constituent elements, Lot the left side of the pago denote the Arabic and T'ernian pole, und the right side the Sauskrit one; and the serÓD vermicular will staud thoi- Panjabi (njarāti Bangal Stulbi It will be soon that Hindi occnpies the riddle space. It draws freely from Arabic and Parsian on the one hand, onil from Bunskrit on the ethior; the influence of the Muhaminadana balancing that of the Hindus, from their "grouter intelligence." ne Mr. Baca praaten it, or, na wo may sild, from their greator omurgy and the influence of Muham- traday rulors. He ascribes the comparatively small anmbor of Arabic and Persion words in Ba gali to the circumstance that there in "an immense majority" of Ilindns in Beogal. The Muharama dais, however, constituto uhant a third of the popo- Lution; nad in Mastern Bengal, whicro they are most NIŞTANTODA “Musulmán Bangklf“ in a language not only spokon, but with Uterature deserving of attention. The true explanation in that educated But have been almost all Hindus, and they have been for the most part-specially of Lato the most rigid of purista. | Hindi | Murithi | Orish Each of the Brun veranlars, with the excep. sium of Üriyā, ponasaten dialects. Hindl porsanne (Jowz, 1875. many. The languages, when they moel, seem to mell or pass imperceptibly into each other, without anything like that abrupt transiliun which yon foul in Europe when you go, for example, from Germany into Franou. Italy, or Rossin. The development of all the languages has been in one direction-it dif fers only in degree. Wu ca picture tho tims when the whole Aryan race spoke "what may fairly be called me bogange, thongh in many divers formus." Divorvities have grown with time, yet tha question naturally occurs whether, in dayn Lo come. the many tongues cosy not syuin become one. This, however, will not probably be by the dialects gradually amoming me type, but by the "varvical of the fittest." Hindl is more likely to extinguish others than itself to be extlugnished. It will prisli ont Panjabl sad the multiform dislocis of Rajputňak, and be the ruling tongue from the Timälans to the Vindhyas, from the Indiu ta Bijmahal. It will then be spoken by a hundre millions, and will press heavily on ita neighbours. Gujarāti will be absorbed without diffealty, Sindhi and Bangall will resist much longer. but will ylald at lust. Oriyà und Maritht will hold out after their sisters bare nocoumbeit, but they too most perish. "Yes," says Mr. Beames, "that clear, sim- ple, graceful, flexible, and all-expressive Urda speech soure undoubtedly destined at some future period to supplent most, if not all, of the provincial dialects, and give to all Aryan India one homo- geneous cultivated form of speech--to be, in fact, the English of the Indian world." That is a bold spomilation, truly; yet we are not propared to deny the possibility of its fall- mant. We doom it very probable that Gujarkiš will be absorbed : and a steady extension of Hindi through the Marâțhô country, until it shall stand Ride by side with Marith, scemer also likely. With Bangall wo think the Oght will be linler, Eduented Rangålls, who are all prond of their Lungunge and think of anuoxing Arvamus m eron Ugly to it, will fight to tha death nguines the encroaching tongue. Let it be noted that the dialect which My Heames so much umirea la Hindi" in it. Pershuized form,” L.e.—Urdu, welt- ton, no doubt, in thn l'arzinu character. There in a fight in Todin, “buver endmg, still beginning." as to the relative merits of the two forms of the language-the Hindi proper, as we shall take the liberty of calling it, und Perslanised Hindi (Urdu). Mr. Benmes clearly la a champion of the latter. Be it so; but does ha not see how dimenlt it will be for the Hindus generally to adopt a foreign and dificult mode of writing, Instead of their native, expressivo, and easy Någari? We must rumind him of the story he oppositely quotes from lába Rajendralkla Mitra. The family of a