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But if the adjective, participle, or noun is used not merely to describe, but indirectly to tell something about the object, it does not take n. A comparison of the following sentences will make this clear:—

1. Li trovis la pomojn maturajn. He found the ripe apples.

Li trovis la pomojn maturaj. He found (that) the apples (were) ripe.

2. Li trovis la kruĉon rompitan. He found the broken jug.

Li trovis la kruĉon rompita. He found (that) the jug (was) broken.

3. Li kolorigis la drapon ruĝan. He dyed the red cloth.

Li kolorigis la drapon ruĝa. He dyed the cloth red.

4. Li tranĉis (aŭ faris) la veston tro mallongan. He cut (or made) the too-short coat (the coat that was too short).

Li tranĉis la veston tro mallonga. He cut the coat (so that it was) too short.

5. Li nomis la knabon mensogisto. He called the boy a liar.

Compare this use of words with the following :—

He made his father angry (or, be angered). Li kolerigis sian patron, or, li igis sian patron kolera.

The loss drove him mad. La perdo frenezigis lin, or, igis lin freneza.

It rendered the gun useless. Ĝi senutiligis la pafilon, or, igis la pafilon senutila.