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Even if every single instance were listed, the surprising fact would be how little coöperative effort there is. In the same department with the Indian Office is the United States Bureau of Education, with its staff of specialists and its experience in caring for the Indians of Alaska, but apparently it has never been invited to coöperate in any large way or to make a survey of the Indian Service schools, although it is frequently invited to make surveys of state and municipal school systems. The Children’s Bureau, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the United States Employment Service of the Department of Labor, have staffs of specialists who could be of great aid to the Indian Service if they were called in, and far greater use than at present could be made of the Department of Agriculture, especially the Bureau of Home Economics, and even of the Public Health Service.

Coöperation with state and local governments offers outstanding possibilities, because the Indians will ultimately merge with the population of the states wherein they reside, and every forward step taken coöperatively will simplify and expedite the transition. Considerable progress has been made in getting Indian children into public schools. In Minnesota some progress has been made in coöperation with the state department of health. The stimulating effect of this coöperation in the Indian medical service in Minnesota is noteworthy. Possibilities for coöperation appear to be particularly promising in California, Minnesota, Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin. Had the Indian Service the funds and the personnel to devote to effective coöperation with the governments of these states it could go a long way toward writing the closing chapters of federal administration of the affairs of the Indians.

Many quasi-public national organizations, such as the National Tuberculosis Association, the American Red Cross, and the American Child Health Association, are deeply interested in Indian welfare and have done work among the Indians with the sanction of the Indian Service, or in coöperation with it. It may be questioned, however, whether in any instance there has been active coöperation in planning and executing a carefully worked out constructive program. At times the quasi-public organization has wanted to do or has been invited to do a particular thing. In other instances it has supplied some specific material for use among Indians. The program of the government and these agencies has not been co-