Marooning
Marooning was the deliberate abandonment of members of one's crew. It could be done as a safety measure or to one's superiors and those on their side as part of a mutiny.
In 2258, James T. Kirk recorded a log in which he accused then-acting captain Spock of marooning him on the planet Delta Vega, an action he believed to be a violation of security protocol 49.09, which regarded treatment of prisoners held on a starship. He later clarified to Spock Prime, who seemed pleased to see an old friend, that the other Spock had marooned him for mutinying against him. Spock Prime later helped Kirk return to the Enterprise via transwarp beaming (Star Trek)
In 2265, Captain James T. Kirk was forced to maroon Gary Mitchell after the lieutenant began exhibiting extraordinary powers that were a danger to the crew of the USS Enterprise. (TOS: "Where No Man Has Gone Before")
In 2267, Kirk left Khan Noonien Singh, his followers and Marla McGivers on Ceti Alpha V, an action which Khan viewed as marooning. Upon being found by a landing party from the USS Reliant in 2285, Singh proceeded to do the same to them. He also expressed his wish to do the same to Kirk "for all eternity". (TOS: "Space Seed"; Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan)
Later that year, Kirk described his status following the desertion of Enterprise's crew to Omicron Ceti III as being marooned in orbit, given that he could not fly the ship himself even with automatic controls. (TOS: "This Side of Paradise")
In 2373, Benjamin Sisko was aghast at Yedrin Dax's suggestion that he deliberately maroon the crew of USS Defiant on the planet Gaia 200 years previous so that their colony would exist. (DS9: "Children of Time")
That same year, Cing'ta was a marooned on an inhospitable planet in the Badlands when the Maquis learned that he was an informant. (DS9: "For the Uniform")
After arriving in 2374 from the future, Captain Chakotay ejected the USS Protostar's antimatter and proto-core and marooned himself, Adreek-Hu and the ship on Ysida in order to protect the Federation from the Vau N'Akat's living construct weapon. With its two primary power sources gone, the marooned ship was left running on emergency power cells recharged via solar collectors. Adreek-Hu eventually died, leaving Chakotay alone with the Protostar and Hologram Janeway for 10 years until Dal R'El, Jankom Pog, Gwyndala, Zero, Rok-Tahk, Murf, and Maj'el found them in 2384 with the help of Wesley Crusher. After convincing Chakotay to end his self-isolation, the young crew helped him to repair the Protostar, allowing them to leave the planet to rendezvous with the USS Voyager-A. (PRO: "Last Flight of the Protostar, Part I", "Last Flight of the Protostar, Part II")
In 2382, Lieutenant junior grade Beckett Mariner, D'Vana Tendi, and T'Lyn were accidentally marooned on Dilmer III because of a transporter mishap. Due to time dilation, the trio were marooned for a year of relative time in the moments that it took Brad Boimler and Sam Rutherford to fix the transporter and beam them and the head of an alternate reality Data aboard the USS Cerritos. Data had also been marooned on the planet and in the prime universe in general for several years of relative time, his shuttle having crashed after the USS Enterprise-D from a universe where everything was "slightly more purple" briefly crossed over into the prime universe. Afterwards, the Cerritos crew loaded Data's head into a torpedo casing and fired it back through the quantum fissure to be retrieved by his Enterprise on the other side. (LD: "Fully Dilated")